AnswersFL-1001400-English 4 AAnalyzing the Use of Rhetoric, Part 1

1.1: Analyzing the Use of Rhetoric, Part 1 Answers

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Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. The claim in this excerpt is that current efforts to reduce CO2 emissions are ineffective. So a 50% risk is simply not acceptable to us—we who have to live with the consequences. To have a 67% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees global temperature rise—the best odds given by the [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]—the world had 420 gigatons of CO2 left to emit back on January 1, 2018. Today that figure is already down to less than 350 gigatons.

A
It creates logos by using data and evidence on climate change.
B
It creates kairos by including a specific date by which changes must be made in order to be effective.
C
It creates pathos by inciting an emotional response to the low levels of CO2 left to emit.
D
It creates ethos by revealing the speaker’s research on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
2
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Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit.So a 50% risk is simply not acceptable to us—we who have to live with the consequences. To have a 67% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees global temperature rise—the best odds given by the [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]—the world had 420 gigatons of CO2 left to emit back on January 1, 2018. Today that figure is already down to less than 350 gigatons. How dare you pretend that this can be solved with just "business as usual” and some technical solutions? With today’s emissions levels, that remaining CO2 budget will be entirely gone within less than 8 1/2 years.

A
She moves from a general premise about climate risks to a generalization about solutions.
B
She moves from a general premise about CO2 usage to a specific prediction about emissions.
C
She moves from a specific observation about the climate to a general conclusion about CO2.
D
She moves from a specific pattern in global temperature rise to a generalization about emissions.
3

Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. My message is that we’ll be watching you.This is all wrong. I shouldn’t be up here. I should be back in school on the other side of the ocean. Yet you all come to us young people for hope. How dare you!You have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words. And yet I’m one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth. How dare you!

A
pathos, because the language used emphasizes the personal nature of the damage that the audience is causing
B
logos, because the speaker uses facts to support her conclusion that the audience is intentionally harming others
C
kairos, because the speaker emphasizes how important it is for the audience to immediately address problems in the environment
D
ethos, because the speaker highlights her qualifications to authoritatively address the audience about how they have neglected to protect the environment
4

Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato.Let us then consider, first of all, what will be their way of life, now that we have thus established them. Will they not produce corn, and wine, and clothes, and shoes, and build houses for themselves?

A
The question shows that the people do not enjoy their simple lives.
B
The question shows that the people selfishly hoard resources.
C
The question shows that the people consider the most basic things to be luxuries.
D
The question shows that the people in a good society will have everything they need.
5

Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. My message is that we’ll be watching you.This is all wrong. I shouldn’t be up here. I should be back in school on the other side of the ocean. Yet you all come to us young people for hope. How dare you!You have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words. And yet I’m one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth. How dare you!

A
It appeals to authority by showing the speaker as a knowledgeable figure.
B
It appeals to logic by blaming those who have caused the most damage.
C
It appeals to emotions by emphasizing how enraged the speaker is.
D
It appeals to a sense of time by expressing a desire for immediate change.
6

Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato.Let us then consider, first of all, what will be their way of life, now that we have thus established them. Will they not produce corn, and wine, and clothes, and shoes, and build houses for themselves?

A
The question shows that the people do not enjoy their simple lives.
B
The question shows that the people selfishly hoard resources.
C
The question shows that the people consider the most basic things to be luxuries.
D
The question shows that the people in a good society will have everything they need.
7

Which sentence is an example of zeugma?

A
Regarding his accent, my father always said, “You can take the boy out of Georgia, but you can’t take Georgia out of the boy.”
B
On our family’s trip to South Africa, we tried many new, fantastic dishes we had never had before, including one called bobotie.
C
The general demanded more boots on the ground to assist with the aftermath of the hurricane.
D
The fire was finally extinguished, along with my dreams of opening a Mediterranean restaurant.
8

Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. You say you hear us and that you understand the urgency. But no matter how sad and angry I am, I do not want to believe that. Because if you really understood the situation and still kept on failing to act, then you would be evil. And that I refuse to believe.

A
It shifts the tone of the argument from one of resentment to one of regret.
B
It suggests that the speaker sees the humanity in her audience despite her disappointment.
C
It implies that those responsible for combatting climate change are doing the best they can.
D
It highlights the intensity of her disagreement with the actions of her audience.
9

What is kairos?

A
an appeal to the concept of time or place
B
an appeal to emotions through details or examples
C
an appeal to authority or credible sources
D
an appeal to logic through evidence and reasons
10

Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato. But in reality justice was such as we were describing, being concerned however, not with the outward man, but with the inward, which is the true self and concernment of man: for the just man does not permit the several elements within him to interfere with one another, or any of them to do the work of others,—he sets in order his own inner life, and is his own master and his own law, and at peace with himself.

A
asyndeton
B
antithesis
C
chiasmus
D
synecdoche
11

Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato. True, I replied, I had forgotten; of course they must have a relish—salt, and olives, and cheese, and they will boil roots and herbs such as country people prepare; for a dessert we shall give them figs, and peas, and beans; and they will roast myrtle-berries and acorns at the fire, drinking in moderation. And with such a diet they may be expected to live in peace and health to a good old age, and bequeath a similar life to their children after them.

A
He moves from a specific observation about people’s needs to a general conclusion about future generations.
B
He moves from a general premise about cooking to a specific conclusion about achieving peace in the future.
C
He moves from a specific pattern in food preparation to a generalization about planning for a celebration.
D
He moves from a trend in people’s eating habits to a generalization about the role of children.
12

Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit.So a 50% risk is simply not acceptable to us—we who have to live with the consequences. To have a 67% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees global temperature rise—the best odds given by the [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]—the world had 420 gigatons of CO2 left to emit back on January 1, 2018. Today that figure is already down to less than 350 gigatons. How dare you pretend that this can be solved with just "business as usual” and some technical solutions? With today’s emissions levels, that remaining CO2 budget will be entirely gone within less than 8 1/2 years.

A
She moves from a general premise about climate risks to a generalization about solutions.
B
She moves from a general premise about CO2 usage to a specific prediction about emissions.
C
She moves from a specific observation about the climate to a general conclusion about CO2.
D
She moves from a specific pattern in global temperature rise to a generalization about emissions.
13

Which sentence is an example of zeugma?

A
Regarding his accent, my father always said, “You can take the boy out of Georgia, but you can’t take Georgia out of the boy.”
B
On our family’s trip to South Africa, we tried many new, fantastic dishes we had never had before, including one called bobotie.
C
The general demanded more boots on the ground to assist with the aftermath of the hurricane.
D
The fire was finally extinguished, along with my dreams of opening a Mediterranean restaurant.
14

What is deductive reasoning?

A
reasoning that uses details and examples to appeal to emotion
B
reasoning that starts with specific observations and moves to a broad conclusion
C
reasoning that uses evidence to appeal to logic
D
reasoning that starts with general premises and moves to a specific conclusion
15

Read the excerpt from The Republic by Plato. But in reality justice was such as we were describing, being concerned however, not with the outward man, but with the inward, which is the true self and concernment of man: for the just man does not permit the several elements within him to interfere with one another, or any of them to do the work of others,—he sets in order his own inner life, and is his own master and his own law, and at peace with himself.

A
asyndeton
B
antithesis
C
chiasmus
D
synecdoche
16

Read the excerpt from The Republic by PlatoAnd with such a diet they may be expected to live in peace and health to a good old age, and bequeath a similar life to their children after them.Yes, Socrates, he said, and if you were providing for a city of pigs, how else would you feed the beasts?

A
asyndeton
B
metonymy
C
rhetorical question
D
synecdoche
17

Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. My message is that we’ll be watching you.This is all wrong. I shouldn’t be up here. I should be back in school on the other side of the ocean. Yet you all come to us young people for hope. How dare you!You have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words. And yet I’m one of the lucky ones. People are suffering. People are dying. Entire ecosystems are collapsing. We are in the beginning of a mass extinction, and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth. How dare you!

A
pathos, because the language used emphasizes the personal nature of the damage that the audience is causing
B
logos, because the speaker uses facts to support her conclusion that the audience is intentionally harming others
C
kairos, because the speaker emphasizes how important it is for the audience to immediately address problems in the environment
D
ethos, because the speaker highlights her qualifications to authoritatively address the audience about how they have neglected to protect the environment
18

Read the sentence.You can take the girl out of the country, but you can’t take the country out of the girl.

A
chiasmus
B
asyndeton
C
antithesis
D
zeugma

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