AnswersELA 10B - 2023Analyzing Ideas, Structure, and Purpose in Machiavelli’s The Prince

Analyzing Rhetorical Techniques in Machiavelli’s The Prince Answers

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Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.And of all princes, it is impossible for the new prince to avoid the imputation of cruelty, owing to new states being full of dangers. Hence Virgil, through the mouth of Dido, excuses the inhumanity of her reign owing to its being new, saying:"Res dura, et regni novitas me talia coguntMoliri, et late fines custode tueri."(*)Nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable.. . . against my will, my fateA throne unsettled, and an infant state,Bid me defend my realms with all my pow'rs,And guard with these severities my shores.

A
Machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by first introducing the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with evidence.
B
Machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by starting with statistical evidence and then concluding that rulers must be cruel.
C
Machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by first presenting an observed pattern of details and then concluding that new rulers must be cruel.
D
Machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by starting with the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with short narratives.
2
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Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Upon this a question arises: whether it be better to be loved than feared or feared than loved? It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with. Because this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely; they will offer you their blood, property, life, and children, as is said above, when the need is far distant; but when it approaches they turn against you.

A
It suggests a fearful tone in the passage.
B
It ensures readers understand its significance in the passage.
C
It softens the tone of the passage.
D
It suggests the personal fear that Machiavelli feels.
3

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Coming now to the other qualities mentioned above, I say that every prince ought to desire to be considered clement and not cruel. Nevertheless he ought to take care not to misuse this clemency. Cesare Borgia was considered cruel; notwithstanding, his cruelty reconciled the Romagna, unified it, and restored it to peace and loyalty. And if this be rightly considered, he will be seen to have been much more merciful than the Florentine people, who, to avoid a reputation for cruelty, permitted Pistoia to be destroyed. Therefore a prince, so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal, ought not to mind the reproach of cruelty; because with a few examples he will be more merciful than those who, through too much mercy, allow disorders to arise, from which follow murders or robberies; for these are wont to injure the whole people, whilst those executions which originate with a prince offend the individual only.

A
It creates a frightening and despairing tone as Machiavelli offers example after example of the actions of cruel rulers.
B
It creates a tone of weakness and resignation as Machiavelli ultimately shows the negative results of a ruler’s cruelty.
C
It creates a matter-of-fact tone as Machiavelli demonstrates the positive effects of a ruler’s cruelty.
D
It creates a threatening tone as Machiavelli shows what happens to people who disobey cruel rulers.
4

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Therefore a prince, so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal, ought not to mind the reproach of cruelty; because with a few examples he will be more merciful than those who, through too much mercy, allow disorders to arise, from which follow murders or robberies; for these are wont to injure the whole people, whilst those executions which originate with a prince offend the individual only.

A
Machiavelli suggests that the cruel prince would like to be more merciful.
B
Machiavelli forces readers to carefully consider the meanings of the words merciful and mercy.
C
Machiavelli forces readers to decide whether executions and robberies are acceptable.
D
Machiavelli is giving both mercy and merciful a more negative connotation.
5

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.And that prince who, relying entirely on their promises, has neglected other precautions, is ruined; because friendships that are obtained by payments, and not by greatness or nobility of mind, may indeed be earned, but they are not secured, and in time of need cannot be relied upon; and men have less scruple in offending one who is beloved than one who is feared, for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails.

A
They suggest friendship, suggesting that even base men need close bonds.
B
They suggest weakness, since Machiavelli argues the bonds of love are easily broken.
C
They suggest faithfulness, since Machiavelli’s love can be relied on in times of need.
D
They suggest faithfulness, suggesting obligations that are secured through love.
6

What three things must a writer use to develop a successful argument?

A
inductive and deductive reasoning, anecdotal evidence, and persuasive diction
B
logical reasoning, relevant evidence, and persuasive diction
C
historical examples, empirical evidence, and diction
D
anecdotal evidence, empirical evidence, and logical evidence
7

What is the definition of empirical evidence?

A
Empirical evidence is evidence based on personal experience.
B
Empirical evidence is evidence based on scientific research.
C
Empirical evidence is evidence based on accepted truths.
D
Empirical evidence is evidence based on historical facts.
8

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.That it is true his other virtues would not have been sufficient for him may be proved by the case of Scipio, that most excellent man, not only of his own times but within the memory of man, against whom, nevertheless, his army rebelled in Spain; this arose from nothing but his too great forbearance, which gave his soldiers more license than is consistent with military discipline. For this he was upbraided in the Senate by Fabius Maximus, and called the corrupter of the Roman soldiery. The Locrians were laid waste by a legate of Scipio, yet they were not avenged by him, nor was the insolence of the legate punished, owing entirely to his easy nature. Insomuch that someone in the Senate, wishing to excuse him, said there were many men who knew much better how not to err than to correct the errors of others. This disposition, if he had been continued in the command, would have destroyed in time the fame and glory of Scipio; but, he being under the control of the Senate, this injurious characteristic not only concealed itself, but contributed to his glory.

A
by showing how Scipio was too lenient and his army rebelled
B
by depicting how leniency destroyed the Senate
C
by showing how Fabius Maximus was feared in the Senate
D
by showing how Scipio’s army rebelled, and how he stopped the rebellion
9

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Upon this a question arises: whether it be better to be loved than feared or feared than loved? It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with. Because this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely; they will offer you their blood, property, life, and children, as is said above, when the need is far distant; but when it approaches they turn against you. And that prince who, relying entirely on their promises, has neglected other precautions, is ruined; because friendships that are obtained by payments, and not by greatness or nobility of mind, may indeed be earned, but they are not secured, and in time of need cannot be relied upon; and men have less scruple in offending one who is beloved than one who is feared, for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails.

A
empirical evidence in the form of observation
B
historical evidence in the form of comparisons
C
logical evidence in the form of generalizations
D
logical evidence in the form of inductive reasoning
10

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.And of all princes, it is impossible for the new prince to avoid the imputation of cruelty, owing to new states being full of dangers. Hence Virgil, through the mouth of Dido, excuses the inhumanity of her reign owing to its being new, saying:"Res dura, et regni novitas me talia coguntMoliri, et late fines custode tueri."(*)Nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable.. . . against my will, my fateA throne unsettled, and an infant state,Bid me defend my realms with all my pow'rs,And guard with these severities my shores.

A
Machiavelli uses historical evidence to point out that many new rulers have used cruelty.
B
Machiavelli uses empirical evidence to makes points about the use of power.
C
Machiavelli uses logical evidence to assert that it is acceptable for new princes to use cruelty.
D
Machiavelli uses anecdotal evidence to show that new rulers need to be cruel.
11

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Cesare Borgia was considered cruel; notwithstanding, his cruelty reconciled the Romagna, unified it, and restored it to peace and loyalty. And if this be rightly considered, he will be seen to have been much more merciful than the Florentine people, who, to avoid a reputation for cruelty, permitted Pistoia to be destroyed.

A
with an appeal to emotions
B
with a historical example
C
with anecdotal evidence
D
with empirical evidence
12

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.And that prince who, relying entirely on their promises, has neglected other precautions, is ruined; because friendships that are obtained by payments, and not by greatness or nobility of mind, may indeed be earned, but they are not secured, and in time of need cannot be relied upon; and men have less scruple in offending one who is beloved than one who is feared, for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails.

A
They suggest friendship, suggesting that even base men need close bonds.
B
They suggest weakness, since Machiavelli argues the bonds of love are easily broken.
C
They suggest faithfulness, since Machiavelli’s love can be relied on in times of need.
D
They suggest faithfulness, suggesting obligations that are secured through love.
13

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.And of all princes, it is impossible for the new prince to avoid the imputation of cruelty, owing to new states being full of dangers. Hence Virgil, through the mouth of Dido, excuses the inhumanity of her reign owing to its being new, saying:"Res dura, et regni novitas me talia coguntMoliri, et late fines custode tueri."(*)Nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable.. . . against my will, my fateA throne unsettled, and an infant state,Bid me defend my realms with all my pow'rs,And guard with these severities my shores.

A
Machiavelli ineffectively argues that new princes should do everything in their power to guard their kingdoms.
B
Machiavelli effectively argues that new princes must be cruel and cautious in order to protect their new kingdoms.
C
Machiavelli effectively argues that new princes should not be cruel and should proceed carefully in their new kingdoms.
D
Machiavelli ineffectively argues that new princes should not show fear, but should be self-confident and intolerable.
14

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Coming now to the other qualities mentioned above, I say that every prince ought to desire to be considered clement and not cruel. Nevertheless he ought to take care not to misuse this clemency. Cesare Borgia was considered cruel; notwithstanding, his cruelty reconciled the Romagna, unified it, and restored it to peace and loyalty. And if this be rightly considered, he will be seen to have been much more merciful than the Florentine people, who, to avoid a reputation for cruelty, permitted Pistoia to be destroyed. Therefore a prince, so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal, ought not to mind the reproach of cruelty; because with a few examples he will be more merciful than those who, through too much mercy, allow disorders to arise, from which follow murders or robberies; for these are wont to injure the whole people, whilst those executions which originate with a prince offend the individual only.

A
It creates a frightening and despairing tone as Machiavelli offers example after example of the actions of cruel rulers.
B
It creates a tone of weakness and resignation as Machiavelli ultimately shows the negative results of a ruler’s cruelty.
C
It creates a matter-of-fact tone as Machiavelli demonstrates the positive effects of a ruler’s cruelty.
D
It creates a threatening tone as Machiavelli shows what happens to people who disobey cruel rulers.
15

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Upon this a question arises: whether it be better to be loved than feared or feared than loved? It may be answered that one should wish to be both, but, because it is difficult to unite them in one person, it is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with. Because this is to be asserted in general of men, that they are ungrateful, fickle, false, cowardly, covetous, and as long as you succeed they are yours entirely; they will offer you their blood, property, life, and children, as is said above, when the need is far distant; but when it approaches they turn against you.

A
It suggests a fearful tone in the passage.
B
It ensures readers understand its significance in the passage.
C
It softens the tone of the passage.
D
It suggests the personal fear that Machiavelli feels.
16

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Therefore a prince, so long as he keeps his subjects united and loyal, ought not to mind the reproach of cruelty; because with a few examples he will be more merciful than those who, through too much mercy, allow disorders to arise, from which follow murders or robberies; for these are wont to injure the whole people, whilst those executions which originate with a prince offend the individual only.

A
Machiavelli suggests that the cruel prince would like to be more merciful.
B
Machiavelli forces readers to carefully consider the meanings of the words merciful and mercy.
C
Machiavelli forces readers to decide whether executions and robberies are acceptable.
D
Machiavelli is giving both mercy and merciful a more negative connotation.
17

What is the definition of connotation?

A
Connotation is the emotion or idea that is associated with a word.
B
Connotation is the definition of a word that is found in the dictionary.
C
Connotation is the repeated use of a word in a passage for emphasis.
D
Connotation is the history of a word and its change over time.
18

Which questions must be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of an argument? Select four options.

A
Is there empirical evidence in the argument?
B
Is there reliable evidence to support the reasons?
C
Are there logical reasons to believe the claim?
D
Is the author’s claim clear to the reader?
E
Does the author’s diction affect the reader as intended?
19

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Among the wonderful deeds of Hannibal this one is enumerated: that having led an enormous army, composed of many various races of men, to fight in foreign lands, no dissensions arose either among them or against the prince, whether in his bad or in his good fortune. This arose from nothing else than his inhuman cruelty, which, with his boundless valour, made him revered and terrible in the sight of his soldiers, but without that cruelty, his other virtues were not sufficient to produce this effect. And short-sighted writers admire his deeds from one point of view and from another condemn the principal cause of them.

A
empirical evidence in the form of observation
B
logical evidence in the form of inductive reasoning
C
anecdotal evidence in the form of historical examples
D
logical evidence in the form of deductive reasoning
20

Read the passage from chapter 17 of The Prince.Nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable.

A
that princes are even harsher than Machiavelli describes
B
that readers should not have sympathy for a prince
C
that a prince should only be cruel when necessary
D
that weak rulers must learn to be frightening

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