Read the excerpt from Greta Thunberg’s speech at the United Nations Climate Action Summit. Fifty percent may be acceptable to you. But those numbers do not include tipping points, most feedback loops, additional warming hidden by toxic air pollution or the aspects of equity and climate justice. They also rely on my generation sucking hundreds of billions of tons of your CO 2 out of the air with technologies that barely exist. Which type of reasoning does the speaker use to make the argument?
Answer
A
deductive, because she uses a pattern to justify a generalization
B
abductive, because she starts with a generalization and moves toward a specific conclusion
C
inductive, because she begins with a specific example and uses it to draw a narrow conclusion
D
inductive, because she moves from specific details to a broad conclusion
Explanation
Thunberg lists specific limitations in the climate calculations: they exclude tipping points, feedback loops, equity concerns, and rely on future technology that barely exists. She uses these details to support a broader point that the stated 50 percent figure is not an adequate basis for accepting the climate response. Reasoning from specific details toward a broad conclusion is inductive reasoning, so the answer is “inductive, because she moves from specific details to a broad conclusion.”
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