A scientist takes a small, partially inflated balloon out of liquid nitrogen (at a very low temperature). As the balloon rests on the table, it begins to grow in size. Which statement(s) best explains why the balloon grows?
Answer
A
The air from the outside comes inside the balloon. More air means more volume.
B
The air warms and increases particle movement. Increased particle movement leads to increased volume.
C
Increased temperature means increased volume as long as the container is flexible.
Explanation
As the balloon warms, its gas particles move faster and exert more pressure on the flexible balloon. The balloon expands until the gas pressure balances the surrounding pressure, so its volume increases; this is why B and C are correct. The balloon grows because the air already inside expands, not because outside air flows in, so A is incorrect.
AI-written and checked against the verified answer.