Which best describes the transformation from the graph of f(x) = x2 to the graph of f(x) = (x – 3)2 – 1?

In vertex form, f(x) = (x − h)² + k shifts the graph of y = x² right h units and up k units. Here h = 3 and k = −1, so the graph moves right 3 units and down 1 unit. This matches choice C.

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