Light bulbs manufactured at a certain factory have a 3% probability of being defective. What is the probability that 5 out of a shipment of 30 will be defective?

Use the binomial probability formula for exactly 5 defective bulbs: C(30, 5)(0.03)^5(0.97)^25. The combination C(30, 5) counts which 5 bulbs are defective; the other factors give the probabilities of 5 defective and 25 working bulbs. This is approximately 0.0016, so the answer is choice b, 0.0016.

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