AnswersEF Environmental Science 1st Nine WeeksBiodiversity

Biodiversity Answers

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1
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When the comb jelly, Mnemiopsis leidyi, was introduced into the Black Sea, its population exploded to 500 comb jellies per cubic yard in 1988. The jellies devoured all the zooplankton and fish larvae, drastically reducing the numbers of the native fish populations. This situation demonstrates _______.

A
the difference between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.
B
effects of local evolution or migration on an ecosystem.
C
the impact of removing or adding organisms to an ecosystem.
D
the types of interactions between organisms in an ecosystem.
2
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What is a possible cause for a decrease in ecosystem productivity?

A
an increase in the biodiversity of the ecosystem
B
a decrease of the biodiversity of an ecosystem
C
the biodiversity of an ecosystem experiencing no change
D
an ecosystem becoming more stable
3

Migration causes a temporary appearance of new organisms in an ecosystem, but not a permanent one. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
T
B
F
4

How can an increase in biodiversity lead to an increase in ecosystem stability?

A
A more biodiverse ecosystem is not subject to change.
B
A more biodiverse ecosystem has a higher chance of adapting to species changes.
C
A more biodiverse ecosystem has fewer species types to balance.
D
A more biodiverse ecosystem is subject to fewer natural disasters.
5

Ecosystems with greater biodiversity have an increased stability.

A
T
B
F
6

Consider the following food chain: Plants are eaten by grasshoppers, which are eaten by mice, which are eaten by snakes. What will happen to the other members of the food chain if the grasshoppers are removed?

A
the number of plants will increase, the number of mice will decrease, the number of snakes will decrease
B
the number of plants will decrease, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will increase
C
the number of plants will decrease, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will decrease
D
the number of plants will increase, the number of mice will increase, the number of snakes will increase
7

Which of the following is not a possible reason for migration?

A
climate changes
B
diminished food supply
C
reproduction patterns
D
increased biodiversity
8

A variety of different mechanisms in nature help create diversity in organism populations. The tundra found in the northernmost parts of the planet is the world’s youngest biome. The tundra is home to a variety of plants and animals. Organisms that can be found in the tundra include shrubs, mosses, caribou, polar bears, and wolves. Which mechanism do the different organism populations found across the tundra exemplify?

A
genetic diversity
B
ecosystem diversity
C
species diversity
D
variation
9

Organisms can have positive or negative impacts on the ecosystem they live in. The cane toad, or Rhinella marina, was introduced to the Hawaiian Islands in 1932 by sugar cane farmers. Farmers released the toads in their crops to help control pests that were damaging the sugar cane. The cane toad has few natural predators, as it secretes a poisonous toxin from its skin that deters larger organisms from eating it. As a result, the cane toad population thrived and grew to number hundreds of thousands by 1935. Photo by Patrick Gijsbers Which role does the cane toad play in the Hawaiian Islands?

Question illustration
A
native species
B
invasive species
C
uncontrolled species
D
endangered species
10

Consider the following food chain: Plants are eaten by grasshoppers, which are eaten by mice, which are eaten by snakes. What would happen to the other members of the food chain if the plant population was wiped out?

A
The populations of grasshoppers, mice, and snakes would increase.
B
The populations of grasshoppers and mice would increase, while the population of snakes would decrease.
C
The populations of grasshoppers would decrease, while the population of mice and snakes would increase.
D
The populations of grasshoppers, mice, and snakes would decrease.
11

Organisms are dependent on each other for the energy they need to survive. Photos (left to right) by Mehmet Karatay, Jens Buurgaard Nielsen, Furryscaly, and Walter Siegmund What would occur if the snake population is removed from the ecosystem pictured above?

Question illustration
A
the hawk population increases
B
the mouse population increases
C
the leaf population increases
D
the mouse population is not affected
12

What is a possible cause for a decrease in ecosystem productivity?

A
an increase in the biodiversity of the ecosystem
B
a decrease of the biodiversity of an ecosystem
C
the biodiversity of an ecosystem experiencing no change
D
an ecosystem becoming more stable
13

Macroevolution occurs within a population.

A
T
B
F
14

How can an increase in biodiversity lead to an increase in ecosystem stability?

A
A more biodiverse ecosystem is not subject to change.
B
A more biodiverse ecosystem has a higher chance of adapting to species changes.
C
A more biodiverse ecosystem has fewer species types to balance.
D
A more biodiverse ecosystem is subject to fewer natural disasters.
15

Organisms are dependent on each other for the energy they need to survive. Photos (left to right) by Mehmet Karatay, Jens Buurgaard Nielsen, Furryscaly, and Walter Siegmund What would occur if the snake population is removed from the ecosystem pictured above?

Question illustration
A
the hawk population increases
B
the mouse population increases
C
the leaf population increases
D
the mouse population is not affected
16

An increase in biodiversity generally causes _______.

A
a decrease in ecosystem stability
B
random fluctuations in ecosystem stability
C
an increase in ecosystem stability
D
no change to ecosystem stability
17

Consider the following food chain: Plants are eaten by grasshoppers, which are eaten by mice, which are eaten by snakes. In the short term, what will happen to the other members of the food chain if the mice were removed?

A
the number of plants will decrease, the number of grasshoppers will increase, the number of snakes will decrease
B
the number of plants will decrease, the number of grasshoppers will decrease, the number of snakes will decrease
C
the number of plants will increase, the number of grasshoppers will increase, the number of snakes will decrease
D
the number of plants will increase, the number of grasshoppers will increase, the number of snakes will increase
18

A variety of different mechanisms in nature help create diversity in organism populations. The tundra found in the northernmost parts of the planet is the world’s youngest biome. The tundra is home to a variety of plants and animals. Organisms that can be found in the tundra include shrubs, mosses, caribou, polar bears, and wolves. Which mechanism do the different organism populations found across the tundra exemplify?

A
genetic diversity
B
ecosystem diversity
C
species diversity
D
variation
19

Consider the following food chain: Plants are eaten by grasshoppers, which are eaten by mice, which are eaten by snakes. What is likely to happen if a new organism that feeds off mice is introduced?

A
The mice population will increase in response to the arrival of the new organism.
B
The mice population, grasshopper population, and plant population will all increase.
C
The new organism will compete with the snake population for resources.
D
The populations of the existing organisms will remain unaffected.
20

Which of the following statements about migration is true?

A
Migration is always from one region to another.
B
Animals always migrate within a region.
C
Migration always negatively impacts an ecosystem.
D
Animals migrate for various reasons.

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