AnswersContemporary StudiesCapitalism, Communism, and the Cold War

Capitalism, Communism, and the Cold War — Test Answers

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1
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Which statement best describes the outcome of the Taft-Hartley Bill of 1947?

A
The bill was passed by Congress, then passed again to overcome President Truman’s veto.
B
The bill was not passed because Democratic senators opposed it, even though President Truman supported it.
C
The bill was passed by Congress but died after President Truman quickly vetoed it.
D
The bill was passed by Congress, then supported and signed by President Truman.
2
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The most important difference between the Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine demonstrated that

A
the United States later thought that military aid was needed in its fight against the spread of communism.
B
the United States wanted to increase economic aid to communist nations in Eastern Europe.
C
the policies of the United States had been successful in halting the spread of communism.
D
it was no longer necessary for the United States to send economic aid to countries threatened by communism.
3

What two principles form the basis for capitalism?

A
free markets and government oversight
B
private ownership and equal wealth
C
private ownership and free markets
D
free markets and shared property
4

Many people in the United States and Europe held protests related to the Rosenbergs’ trial because they thought that the Rosenbergs

A
had not been given a fair, impartial trial.
B
had not been punished harshly enough.
C
should have received more attention for their trial.
D
had no ties to communism or the Soviet Union.
5

Brinkmanship was a bold, aggressive idea because it required

A
engaging in lengthy peace talks with enemies.
B
bluffing an enemy into thinking it would be attacked.
C
drastically decreasing defense spending.
D
invading a nation to force it to surrender.
6

Which of these was a justification for the increase in US defense spending during the Cold War?

A
The US wanted to purchase large amounts of land to conduct nuclear tests.
B
The US planned to launch an attack against the Soviet Union on Russian soil.
C
The US wanted to become the world’s first example of a superpower.
D
The US needed to develop more and better weapons to prevent an attack.
7

Which correctly characterizes the different post-war goals of the United States and the Soviet Union?

A
The US needed to create a buffer zone in Eastern Europe, while the USSR wished to stay out of its border nations.
B
The US pushed for government control of the economy worldwide, while the USSR promoted the free market system.
C
The US wished to remain out of the affairs of other nations, while the USSR wanted to become a superpower.
D
The US wanted to promote democracy throughout the world, while the USSR wished to spread a single-party system.
8

What might have made the Rosenbergs seem dangerous to the US government of the 1950s?

A
Both worked to create the first atomic bombs for the USSR.
B
Both were connected to radical groups.
C
Ethel was a Russian immigrant who arrived after WWII.
D
Julius had worked for the VENONA project.
9

What was the “car culture” of the 1950s?

A
an economy that was focused solely on the car industry
B
a rejection of consumerism and conformity
C
a way of life that centered around the automobile
D
a rise in TV shows sponsored by car companies
10

Adam Smith believed that fair prices for goods are determined in a capitalist system

A
by setting limits on imports and exports.
B
through competition between consumers.
C
through competition between businesses.
D
by government regulation of businesses.
11

The three main ideas behind capitalism as defined by Adam Smith are

A
free markets, laissez-faire, and fair taxes.
B
competition, self interest, and laissez-faire.
C
competition, free markets, and trade limits.
D
laissez-faire, regulation, and self interest.
12

Many people migrated from the North and East to the Sun Belt states during the 1950s because of

A
the expansion of urban areas.
B
the influence of beatniks.
C
the interstate highway system.
D
the response to the Cold War.
13

In October of 1950, UN forces pushed the North Koreans as far north as

A
the Yalu River.
B
the 38th parallel.
C
Seoul.
D
Pusan.
14

Which of these is an example of one of the successes of the Marshall Plan?

A
Western European economies were stronger than they had been before WWII.
B
A few Eastern European countries decided to turn to democracy.
C
Borders between Western and Eastern European countries shifted.
D
Eastern European countries eventually took part in the plan.
15

Which statement best describes the spread of communism in the years immediately following World War II?

A
The number of communist countries stayed the same during these years.
B
The number of communist countries increased in Asia but decreased in Europe.
C
The number of communist countries decreased during these years.
D
The number of communist countries increased during these years.
16

During the Korean War, General MacArthur was able to take the city of Inchon by

A
striking in an area far away from where the fighting had been concentrated.
B
tricking North Korea into believing he that would use nuclear weapons.
C
launching a surprise attack from deep within North Korean territory.
D
convincing China to enter the war on the side of South Korea.
17

How is the Marshall Plan an example of Cold War tactics?

A
The Marshall Plan showed the USSR that the United States would not back down from military threats.
B
The Marshall Plan forced the USSR to build up its military, which weakened its economy.
C
The Marshall Plan allowed the United States to compete for power with the USSR without using force.
D
The Marshall Plan moved the USSR and European countries closer to becoming long-term allies.
18

One post-war goal of the United States that created tension with the USSR was

A
the US desire to create a buffer zone in Eastern Europe.
B
the US desire to move away from a capitalist economy.
C
the US push to promote democracy around the world.
D
the US need to establish puppet governments in Europe.
19

Which statement best describes the Twenty-Second Amendment?

A
It limited the length of time a president could serve to four years.
B
It established that no president could be elected more than four times.
C
It established that no president could be elected more than two times.
D
It limited the length of time a president could serve to eight years.
20

During the 1950s, an increase in the number of marriages and births fueled

A
growth in the nation’s cities.
B
a demand for housing.
C
new opportunities for women.
D
high unemployment.

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