AnswersPMHS Biology I Q2Cell Differentiation and Specialization

Cell Differentiation and Specialization Answers

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Which best describes red blood cells?

A
They are colorless.
B
They protect against disease-carrying microorganisms.
C
They transport oxygen throughout the body.
D
They aid in blood clotting.
2
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Which series lists the stages of development in the gestational process in order, from beginning to end?

A
gametes ® embryo ® zygote ® fetus ® organism
B
gametes ® zygote ® embryo ® fetus ® organism
C
embryo ® gametes ® zygote ® fetus ® organism
D
zygote ® gametes ® embryo ® fetus ® organism
3

Which is a source of adult stem cells?

A
bone marrow
B
amniotic fluid
C
embryos
D
gametes
4

All the major organs of the body are formed by week 10 of gestation. Which process makes this possible?

A
growth
B
fertilization
C
self-renewal
D
differentiation
5

What is a source of stem cells that has the characteristics of self-renewal and limited differentiation?

A
Embryonic cell
B
Somatic cell
C
Amniotic fluid
D
Heart muscle
6

Which type of cell is capable of self-renewal?

A
stem cell
B
blood cell
C
muscle cell
D
neuron
7

Which of these pairings is incorrect?

A
blood cells, components of blood
B
neurons, conduct electrical impulses
C
epithelial cells, react to stimuli
D
muscle cells, elongated cells that can contract
8

What must occur for specialized cells like heart and brain cells to form?

A
Cell mutation
B
Fertilization
C
Differentiation
D
Gene suppression
9

Gene expression within the body is controlled by the cells, which determine when a specific gene should or should not be expressed. Influenza (the flu) is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system. Which type of gene is likely to be widely expressed in the body of someone who contracts the influenza virus?

A
The gene that controls production of stem cells.
B
The gene that controls production of skin cells.
C
The gene that controls production of red blood cells.
D
The gene that controls production of white blood cells.
10

Which statement best describes embryonic stem cells?

A
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal only.
B
Embryonic stem cells are capable of differentiation only.
C
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal and limited differentiation.
D
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal and unlimited differentiation.
11

Which cells are considered immortal?

A
neurons
B
blood cells
C
cardiac muscle cells
D
stem cells
12

In the study of cancer, researchers have used different types of cells, different environmental conditions, and different experimental designs. However, all researchers have arrived at the same conclusion. Which conclusion is that?

A
Cancer cells stop dividing when they touch.
B
Cancer cells are specialized cells.
C
Cancer cells lack contact inhibition.
D
Cancer cells reproduce slowly.
13

Athletes training at high altitudes adapt to air with lower oxygen levels than air at sea level. Which cells are most likely to increase in number as a result of this adaptation?

A
neurons
B
red blood cells
C
white blood cells
D
muscle cells

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