Answers AA-F26 Physical ScienceChemical Bonding

Chemical Bonding Answers

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Which atom is most likely to form a metallic bond?

aluminum (Al)

helium (He)

phosphorus (P)

carbon (C)

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The electron dot diagram shows the arrangement of dots without identifying the element.

boron (B)

neon (Ne)

rubidium (Rb)

arsenic (As)

The electron dot diagram shows the arrangement of dots without identifying the element.

carbon (C)

tellurium (Te)

beryllium (Be)

cesium (Cs)

When sodium atoms (Na) and chlorine atoms (Cl) join to make sodium chloride, or table salt, they form an ionic bond. Using this information, which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

potassium (K) and fluorine (F)

aluminum (Al) and aluminum (Al)

sulfur (S) and oxygen (O)

calcium (Ca) and neon (Ne)

What information on the periodic table is used to complete electron dot diagrams?

The number before the A at the top of a column shows how many dots to draw in the diagram.

The number before the B at the top of a column shows how many dots to draw in the diagram.

The number at the left of each row shows the number of valence electrons that are in atoms of elements in that row.

The number at the left of each row shows how many dots to draw above the symbol for elements in that row.

The diagram shows an electron shell model of a sodium atom.

The third shell would have eight electrons after the atom gains seven electrons to fill the outermost shell.

The third shell would be empty so that the eight electrons in the second level would be outermost after the atom loses one electron.

The first and third shells would be empty so that the atom would have eight electrons in its remaining shell after the atom loses three electrons.

The first shell would have two electrons and the second shell would have six electrons after the atom loses three electrons.

Which pairs of elements do not have to satisfy the octet rule for stability?

potassium (K) and sodium (Na)

neon (Ne) and argon (Ar)

oxygen (O) and fluorine (F)

helium (He) and hydrogen (H)

Metal atoms tend to give away valence electrons when they bond with nonmetal atoms. What type of bond will form between the metal and nonmetal atoms and why does this bond form?

A covalent bond will form because electrons are transferred.

An ionic bond will form because electrons are transferred.

A covalent bond will form because electrons are shared.

An ionic bond will form because electrons are shared.

Hee Sun drew an electron dot diagram of a silicon atom as shown.

The dot to the left of the symbol would be removed in the diagram for carbon.

The same number of dots would appear in the diagram for carbon.

There would be two dots above and to the right of the symbol in the diagram for carbon.

The single dots would be replaced with two dots on each side of the symbol in the diagram for carbon.

How many dots belong in the electron dot diagram of a boron (B) atom?

three

five

eight

thirteen

Fluorine (F) and bromine (Br) are in the same group on the periodic table. How do atoms of these elements compare when they form bonds?

Both a fluorine atom and a bromine atom lose one electron, and both atoms become stable.

A fluorine atom becomes stable by losing one electron, but a bromine atom cannot become stable by losing only one electron.

Both a fluorine atom and a bromine atom gain one electron, and both atoms become stable.

A fluorine atom becomes stable by gaining one electron, but a bromine atom cannot become stable by gaining only one electron.

Based on the location of nitrogen (N) on the periodic table, how many additional electrons does a nitrogen atom need in its valence shell to satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

one

three

five

eight

Lead is malleable, so it can be pounded into flat sheets without breaking. How does the bonding within lead help to explain this property?

Metallic bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are shared between two metal atoms, so the bonds are strong enough to resist the pounding.

Metallic bonds involve many valence electrons shared by many atoms, so the bonds can move around as the metal is pounded.

Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

Helium (He) and neon (Ne) are elements in Group 8A of the periodic table. How do the electron dot diagrams of these elements compare?

The electron dot diagram of helium has six fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

The electron dot diagram of helium has eight fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have two dots.

Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have eight dots.

Magnesium acts similar to sodium when forming an ionic bond in terms of losing or gaining electrons. What is the most likely way in which an atom of magnesium (Mg) will satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

by losing two electrons

by losing four electrons

by gaining six electrons

by gaining eight electrons

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