AnswersCUSD Psychology 5.0Reinforcement and Punishment

Cognitive and Behavioral Learning Influences Answers

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1
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A stimulus with a low predictive value means that __________.

A
it is harder to predict when a consequence of a stimuli will occur
B
it is easy to predict when a consequence of a stimuli will occur
C
a consequence will not follow a particular stimulus
D
a consequence will most likely follow a particular stimulus
2
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In the past, behaviorists were not likely to view cognition as a part of learning because cognition __________.

A
does not affect behavior
B
disproved their theories
C
is unobservable
D
had never been studied
5

Cognitive maps allow organisms to __________.

A
create and speak a language
B
mentally represent their environment
C
achieve high levels of wellness
D
train and exercise effectively
8

Which of the following explanations represents why taste aversion breaks the rules of conditioning?

A
Taste aversion requires no cognitive processes in order to develop.
B
Taste aversion is a learned response that does not occur without cognition.
C
Taste aversion can develop after only one pairing of a stimulus and response.
D
Taste aversion cannot be explained by using conditioning processes.
11

Cognition and learning are the same thing.

A
T
B
F
12

Which of the following explanations represents why taste aversion breaks the rules of conditioning?

A
Taste aversion requires no cognitive processes in order to develop.
B
Taste aversion is a learned response that does not occur without cognition.
C
Taste aversion can develop after only one pairing of a stimulus and response.
D
Taste aversion cannot be explained by using conditioning processes.
13

Psychologist B. F. Skinner believed that superstitions were caused by __________ reinforcement of __________ behavior.

A
continuous . . . intentional
B
continuous . . . accidental
C
intermittent . . . accidental
D
intermittent . . . intentional
15

Superstitious behavior breaks the traditional rules of conditioning because superstitions __________.

A
only develop when a behavior has been continuously reinforced
B
can develop even if a behavior is only intermittently reinforced
C
develop as a result of innate beliefs inherited from ancestors
D
occur as a result of a person feeling like one has no control over the environment
16

When describing the way operant conditioning works, a cognitive psychologist is likely to emphasize the importance of which of the following elements?

A
the type of stimulus
B
information processing
C
one’s conditioned response
D
one’s physiological behavior
20

A stimulus with a low predictive value means that __________.

A
it is harder to predict when a consequence of a stimuli will occur
B
it is easy to predict when a consequence of a stimuli will occur
C
a consequence will not follow a particular stimulus
D
a consequence will most likely follow a particular stimulus

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