Answers25-26 CA-English Language Arts 9 ADeveloping Central Ideas in Wheels of Change, Part 5

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Why did the velocipede stop gaining popularity in the United States and Europe? Check all that apply.

A
It was hard to ride.
B
It was patented.
C
It was very heavy.
D
It had a strange nickname.
E
It had design flaws.
2
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Read a rough draft summary of Chapter 4 of Wheels of Change.1 Bicycle racing became popular almost as soon as the first bicycle was introduced in 1878. 2 Although most racers were males, many females soon entered this growing sport. 3 It was not long before races began to occur throughout the United States, attracting large crowds of fans who applauded the competitive efforts of these female athletes. 4 However, despite their determination and successes, not everyone in the community was supportive of women racers. 5 There are always jealous people who selfishly do not like to see others succeed, and bicycle racing was no different. 6 Some believed that women’s place in cycling was "not on the public race path,” and many tried to make it difficult for women to compete. 7 Ultimately, these attempts were too late and largely unsuccessful, and women racers continued to make their mark in the cycling world.

A
Sentence 3
B
Sentence 4
C
Sentence 5
D
Sentence 6
3

Read this introduction to a magazine article.Headphones are everywhere! People are locked in their worlds of downloaded music, relying on their private music libraries for entertainment. In doing so, they are ignoring a diverse world of radio offerings that could enrich and entertain. Local radio stations provide music and news, while National Public Radio (NPR) broadcasts discourse and entertainment for all tastes.

A
examples of radio programs
B
safety tips for headphones
C
suggestions for music downloads
D
historical radio broadcasts
4

Which statements best describe elements of a strong summary? Check all that apply.A strong summary includes only the most important ideas.A strong summary provides all relevant details and examples.A strong summary contains objective and subjective statements.A strong summary begins by stating the overall central idea.A strong summary ends with a personal opinion or belief.A strong summary presents ideas in the same order as the text.

A
A strong summary includes only the most important ideas.
B
A strong summary provides all relevant details and examples.
C
A strong summary contains objective and subjective statements.
D
A strong summary begins by stating the overall central idea.
E
A strong summary ends with a personal opinion or belief.
F
A strong summary presents ideas in the same order as the text.
5

Read the rough-draft summary of Chapter 4 of Wheels of Change.1 Bicycle racing became popular almost as soon as the first bicycle was introduced in 1878. 2 Although most racers were males, many females soon entered this growing sport. 3 It was not long before races began to occur throughout the United States, attracting large crowds of fans who applauded the competitive efforts of these female athletes. 4 However, despite their determination and successes, not everyone in the community was supportive of women racers. 5 Some believed that women’s place in cycling was “not on the public race path,” and many tried to make it difficult for women to compete. 6 Ultimately, these attempts were too late and largely unsuccessful, and women racers continued to make their mark in the cycling world.

A
Many spectators enjoyed the thrill of bicycle races on indoor tracks.
B
Women often worked hard to break each other’s cycling records.
C
Bicycle makers viewed races as a great way to sell their machines.
D
Large crowds often gathered to watch and applaud women racers.
6

Consider this timeline.

Question illustration
A
It connects the book’s ideas about the bicycle’s evolution.
B
It offers an illustration or example of specific bicycle parts.
C
It provides insight about bicycle-naming trends.
D
It emphasizes the increasing popularity of bicycles.
7

Read the excerpt from Chapter 2 of Wheels of Change.Dr. Benjamin Ward Richardson of Great Britain, a big fan of the wheel, nevertheless summarized its pitfalls in his 1895 article "What To Avoid in Cycling." Among those pitfalls were several dangers that resulted from "teaching the practice to subjects who are too young." Richardson believed serious riding should not be done by males or females until the skeleton was completely matured, which he said happened around age 21.

A
to persuade young readers to avoid riding bicycles until they are older
B
to entertain readers with a story about a doctor who was against cycling
C
to inform readers about one reason why cycling was controversial in the 1800s
D
to emphasize that the advantages of cycling are not worth the risks
8

Based on the foreword of Wheels of Change , what were the short-term effects of Mary Lewanika receiving a bicycle? Check all that apply.She could more easily help with morning chores.She was refreshed and awake in class.She was empowered to decide her own future.She had a quick commute to school each day.She felt a sense of freedom from social oppression.She developed a set of newfound life goals.

A
She could more easily help with morning chores.
B
She was refreshed and awake in class.
C
She was empowered to decide her own future.
D
She had a quick commute to school each day.
E
She felt a sense of freedom from social oppression.
F
She developed a set of newfound life goals.
9

Look at the image of the high wheeler.Read the excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change.Pope was tantalized by these bicycles, called high wheelers, which had huge wheels in the front and tiny ones in the back. A Civil War veteran and entrepreneur, he wondered about the machine's possibilities as both a business venture and a means of transportation. If only it didn't seem so impossible to ride.

Question illustration
A
the size and shape of the high wheeler
B
the health benefits of riding a high wheeler
C
the way a person rode on a high wheeler
D
the speed and efficiency of the high wheeler
10

Which of these were solutions that improved the velocipede?

A
eliminating metal tires
B
enhancing the construction of seats
C
strengthening wooden frames
D
adding iron for weight
E
adding brakes
11

Read the excerpt from Chapter 2 of Wheels of Change.In the end, Charlotte Smith's attempts to force women off their bicycles failed. The medical experts and religious leaders charged with ensuring women's physical and moral welfare rejected her predictions of doom and damnation as being greatly exaggerated. What's more, women themselves were loath to give up the vehicle that they planned to ride boldly into the new century.

A
to emphasize to readers that Smith’s claims about cycling were illogical
B
to inform readers about a historical figure’s crusade against cycling
C
to entertain readers with a story about a woman against cycling
D
to persuade readers that Smith’s assessment of cycling is accurate
12

Look at the image from a 1912 Pope Manufacturing Co. catalog of a Columbia bicycle.Read the excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change.But it wasn't until 1817 that Baron Karl von Drais of Germany built a laufmaschine (running machine) that included some of the features that would carry through to the modern bicycle. An early edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica described Drais's vehicle as "at the best an awkward affair, composed of a couple of heavy wooden wheels of equal diameter, one behind the other, and joined together by a longitudinal wooden bar.”

Question illustration
A
by illustrating how von Drais’s machine was superior to Pope’s invention
B
by highlighting how Pope’s bicycles were a completely original invention
C
by showing how von Drais’s machine may have influenced Pope’s bicycles
D
by demonstrating how Pope became aware of von Drais’s machines
13

Read this excerpt from the introduction to Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.“To men, the bicycle in the beginning was merely a new toy, another machine added to the long list of devices they knew in their work and play. To women, it was a steed upon which they rode into a new world.”—"Woman and the Wheel," Munsey’s Magazine, May 1896

A
It will highlight nineteenth-century toys and machines.
B
It will compare horses and bicycles, as they are used for transportation.
C
It will compare the speed of men and women on bicycles.
D
It will highlight the historical significance of bicycles for women.
14

What will be included in the text that follows this introduction? Check all that apply.

A
the historical importance of bicycles to American women
B
famous nineteenth-century bicyclists
C
the evolution of bicycling as an extreme sport
D
examples of cycling in the media
E
a list of current Olympic bicyclists
15

freedomoppressionsurroundingsworld

A
freedom
B
oppression
C
surroundings
D
world

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