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Unit Test — Cumulative exam Answers

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Suzanne has type A– blood. Which blood type could she receive in a blood transfusion?

A
A+
B
O–
C
O+
D
B–
2
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The first strands of DNA were observed through which microscope?

A
tunneling microscope
B
simple microscope
C
compound light microscope
D
electron microscope
3

Which statement best distinguishes plant cells and animal cells?

A
There are more ribosomes in animal cells than in plant cells.
B
Plant cells have more lysosomes than animal cells have.
C
Plant cells have large vacuoles, and animal cells do not.
D
The position of the nucleus in the cells is different in plants and animals.
4

Mitosis is divided into phases.Which phase of mitosis is shown in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
anaphase
B
metaphase
C
telophase
D
prophase
5

Which are produced as a result of meiosis?

A
zygotes
B
chromosomes
C
tetrads
D
gametes
6

Kai looks at a photo of herself with her parents. She notices that, while her features are similar to her parents’ features, they do not appear to be identical. Which explains why this is the case?

A
Their DNA is made of different codon sequences.
B
Their DNA is made of four different bases.
C
Kai inherited more proteins from one parent than the other.
D
Kai inherited different amino acids from either of her parents.
7

Which term refers to a solution with a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside the cell?

A
hypertonic
B
hypotonic
C
equitonic
D
isotonic
8

Mitosis is important because it allows

A
new cells to replace old damaged cells.
B
new cells to repair old damaged cells.
C
old cells to self-repair when they become damaged.
D
existing cells to take over the function of damaged cells.
9

A student constructs a Venn diagram to compare the organelles in plant and animal cells.Venn Diagram of Plant and Animal CellsWhich organelle should be listed under “Animal Only” in the diagram?

Question illustration
A
nucleus
B
centriole
C
ribosome
D
cell wall
10

Sucrose is made of which simple sugars?

A
glucose and fructose
B
fructose and galactose
C
galactose and cellulose
D
cellulose and glucose
11

Which substance is a compound?

A
salt
B
phosphorus
C
sulfur
D
oxygen
12

Which organisms are prokaryotes?

A
archaea
B
fungi
C
protists
D
plants
13

Drosophila eye color is an X-linked trait. Red eye color is dominant, and white eye color is recessive. Which Punnett square shows a cross in which the probability that offspring will be red-eyed males is 25 percent?

A
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x Upper R and x Upper R. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: X Upper R X r, X Upper R Y, X Upper R Y, X Upper R X r.
Option A
B
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x Upper R and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X r, Upper X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper X r.
Option B
C
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x r and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X r, Upper X r Upper Y, X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper X r.
Option C
D
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X Upper R and UpperY. The rows are labeled x r and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X Upper R, Upper X r Upper Y, X r Upper X Upper R, Upper X r Upper X Upper R.
Option D
14

Which element is most important for adding strength to hair, feathers, and outer skin?

A
oxygen
B
hydrogen
C
sulfur
D
phosphorus
15

Mutations within an organism can occur in body cells or reproductive cells. Which type of mutation is seen in a sperm cell but not in a skin cell?

A
somatic mutation
B
missense mutation
C
nonsense mutation
D
germline mutation
16

Which best describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

A
DNA are segments of genes; the genes form tight coils called chromosomes.
B
Genes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called chromosomes.
C
Chromosomes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called genes.
D
Genes are segments of chromosomes; the chromosomes form tight coils called DNA.
17

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A pansy that is homozygous for purple flowers (PP) is crossed with a pansy that is homozygous for pink flowers (pp). Which genotypes will be included for the offspring in the Punnett square for this cross?

Question illustration
A
PP, Pp, and pp
B
PP and pp
C
PP and Pp
D
Pp only
18

Which statement best describes the molecular structure of protein, along with one of the functions of proteins?

A
It is a straight chain hydrocarbon that can help fight disease.
B
It is a complex, folded chain that helps regulate cell processes.
C
It is a simple carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen molecule that creates movement.
D
It is a chain of nucleotides, and forms muscle, bone, and ligaments.
19

Which statement best describes how Watson and Crick's model used other scientists' work to create a model of DNA?

A
They used Chargaff's rule to determine that it contains ribose sugar.
B
They used Franklin's photo to determine that DNA was a double helix.
C
They used Levene's work to determine the number of base pairs in each strand.
D
They used Nirenberg and Matthei's studies to determine that DNA is made of nucleotides.
20

Drinking too much water during exercise can cause a condition in which the concentration of sodium in the blood is lower than normal. What immediate response would the blood cells have in this condition?

A
Cells swell as water moves into them.
B
Cells swell as water moves out of them.
C
Cells shrivel as water moves out of them.
D
Cells shrivel as water moves into them.

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