Catalysts — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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During transcription, what happens to the RNA polymerase if a repressor protein attaches to the operator?

A
It begins transcription.
B
It begins translation.
C
It cannot attach to enzyme 1.
D
It cannot attach to the promoter.
2
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Which statement correctly describes the electrons in a water molecule?

A
Electrons are pulled closer to the hydrogen atoms.
B
Electrons are pulled closer to the oxygen atom.
C
Electrons are located inside the nucleus of the hydrogen atoms.
D
Electrons are located inside the nucleus of the oxygen atoms.
3

Which conversion is the result of aerobic cellular respiration?

A
glucose to ATP
B
ATP to glucose
C
glucose to glycogen
D
glycogen to lactic acid
4

A zygote consists of how many cells?

A
one
B
two
C
four or five
D
eight or ten
5

Which type of molecule stores the main source of energy used by animals?

A
lipids
B
protein
C
glycogen
D
starch
6

During which process is mRNA synthesized from a DNA template with the aid of RNA polymerase?

A
transcription
B
translation
C
translocation
D
transportation
7

Many scientists are concerned that the Ogallala aquifer in the United States is being depleted at an alarming rate. What would most likely be a major effect of this aquifer running dry?

A
Many crops would die because irrigation water would be limited.
B
The water cycle would come to a halt in the area.
C
Farmers would have to water crops with salt water.
D
Most people in the United States would not have drinking water.
8

Which of the following could be a nucleotide of DNA?

A
deoxyribose + phosphate group + thymine
B
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
C
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
D
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
9

The diagram below shows the energy conversions of the Krebs cycle, which is part of cellular respiration. The U-shaped arrows that show changes for NAD+, FAD, and ADP molecules represent energy conversions. From each glucose molecule, two acetyl-CoA molecules are made for the Krebs cycle.How many energy conversions occur when both acetyl-CoA molecules go through the Krebs cycle?

Question illustration
A
5
B
6
C
10
D
12
10

Which statement correctly distinguishes photosynthesis and respiration?

A
Photosynthesis occurs in animal cells and not plant cells.
B
Cellular respiration occurs in animal cells and not plant cells.
C
Photosynthesis uses chemical energy as energy source, and cell respiration uses light energy.
D
Photosynthesis uses light as energy source, and cell respiration uses chemical energy.
11

Katie wants to make ball-and-stick models of the four macromolecules. She has colored balls for each of the elements in these molecules, including the following. red: hydrogen black: carbon purple: oxygen green: nitrogenIn which macromolecule will she use the black, red, and purple balls in a ratio of 1:2:1?

A
carbohydrates
B
lipids
C
nucleic acids
D
proteins
12

Which best describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

A
DNA are segments of genes; the genes form tight coils called chromosomes.
B
Genes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called chromosomes.
C
Chromosomes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called genes.
D
Genes are segments of chromosomes; the chromosomes form tight coils called DNA.
13

Look at the picture below.What macromolecules make up most of the structure that is shown?

Question illustration
A
carbohydrates
B
lipids
C
nucleic acids
D
proteins
14

Which statement best describes how Watson and Crick's model used other scientists' work to create a model of DNA?

A
They used Chargaff's rule to determine that it contains ribose sugar.
B
They used Franklin's photo to determine that DNA was a double helix.
C
They used Levene's work to determine the number of base pairs in each strand.
D
They used Nirenberg and Matthei's studies to determine that DNA is made of nucleotides.

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