Unit Test — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which part of the shallow ocean descends sharply away from the continental shelf?

A
abyssal plain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
transitional zone
D
continental slope
2
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Which statement describes a disadvantage of using natural gas as an energy source?

A
It is expensive to use.
B
It is hard to stop using.
C
It is a renewable resource.
D
It is scarce in some parts of the world.
3

Which correctly lists the three weather factors that are indicators of climate change?

A
sunsets, wind patterns, clouds
B
ocean currents, ice cores, temperature
C
temperature, wind patterns, ice cores
D
wind patterns, temperature, ocean currents
4

Which correctly lists the three gases that are part of Earth’s cycles in both the atmosphere and biosphere?

A
radon, carbon monoxide, oxygen
B
carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen
C
nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide
D
carbon dioxide, radon, oxygen
5

Which describes bedrock?

A
consists of solid rock
B
lies directly above the soil layer
C
does not contain weathered rock
D
forms from decomposed material
6

Where is most of Earth’s 3 percent of fresh water found?

A
oceans
B
ice
C
water vapor
D
lakes
7

Which statement best describes wavelengths of sunlight that are longer than 700 nanometers?

A
These wavelengths form the infrared part of the spectrum.
B
These wavelengths form the ultraviolet light of the spectrum.
C
These wavelengths are shorter than the wavelengths of visible light.
D
These wavelengths are part of the visible light spectrum.
8

Which is one benefit that mangrove trees provide to surrounding coastal wetlands?

A
They hold soil in place.
B
They store floodwaters.
C
They maintain surface water flow.
D
They filter water and improve water quality.
9

Which is an example of how water is used inside and around the home?

A
fishing in a lake
B
washing clothes at the laundromat
C
brushing teeth before bed
D
washing a car in an automatic carwash
10

Which is one source that scientists use to reconstruct past climate conditions?

A
fossils frozen in glaciers
B
daily temperatures
C
the tilt of Earth’s axis
D
running water
11

Which resource is renewable?

A
coal
B
oil
C
steel
D
wind
12

Which statement accurately describes one role of water on Earth?

A
Water in plants and animals transports nutrients into cells.
B
Water reflects sunlight that hits the oceans.
C
Water builds up rock and soil.
D
Water holds heat by trapping it within the equator.
13

Which describes an effect that ocean currents have on short-term climate change?

A
Ocean currents increase the strength of prevailing winds, which can cool the air and land.
B
Ocean currents can carry cold water, which can cool the air and land.
C
Ocean currents increase hurricane activity, which can raise the temperature of the air and land.
D
Ocean currents carry cold water, which may not affect hurricane activity and lower the temperature of the air and land.
14

Which is the best strategy for addressing polluted air?

A
Reduce the cost of chemicals used in industrial processes.
B
Study the effects of mold exposure on people who suffer from asthma.
C
Encourage people to continue burning fossil fuels as they drive vehicles.
D
Build industrial plants and facilities that release chemicals during processing.
15

Which term describes erosion?

A
creates small particles
B
hardens rock fragments
C
transports solid materials
D
dissolves rock components
16

Where does warm water accumulate in the Pacific Ocean during El Niño?

A
the east
B
the south
C
the north
D
the west
17

A scientist observes a geyser erupting. Which two objects must be interacting beneath the surface?

A
well and spring
B
spring and magma
C
magma and groundwater
D
groundwater and unsaturated zone
18

Which statement explains one way that lakes form?

A
Lava flows block a river.
B
Streams flow into shallow areas.
C
Groundwater feeds into low-lying areas.
D
Grassy wetlands get covered by a stream.
19

Which type of deposition creates sandbars?

A
glacial
B
river
C
wave
D
wind
20

Study this map.

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4

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