Paolo hypothesizes that thick leg muscles are an inherited trait in dogs. He collects data about several dogs. The data show that dogs that live outdoors have thicker leg muscles than dogs that live indoors. What should Paolo conclude?

The data show a difference between dogs living outdoors and indoors, but they do not establish that the difference is inherited. Living outdoors may involve other factors, such as more activity, that affect muscle thickness. So Paolo should conclude that inheritance alone may not account for thick leg muscles; that is choice B.

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