Imagine that a lake contains two kinds of fish: trout and bass. 60% of the fish in the lake are bass and 40% are trout. If you caught 5 fish at random from this pond, which of the following would you expect to catch?

Bass make up 60% of the fish, so in a sample of 5 you would expect about 0.60 × 5 = 3 bass. The remaining 2 fish would be trout, since trout make up 40% (0.40 × 5 = 2). Therefore, the expected catch is 3 bass and 2 trout, choice C.

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