DNA Mutations Answers

1

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Which is a point mutation and not a frameshift mutation?

A

mutagen

B

insertion

C

deletion

D

silent

2

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Which statement is scientifically based?

A

Mutations rarely occur.

B

All mutations are harmful.

C

Some mutations can be contagious, like infections.

D

Mutations are not passed from parent to offspring.

3

Ji wants to write an example of a frameshift mutation using the following sentence: THE CAT SAW THE RAT. Which sentence best shows a frameshift mutation?

A

THC ATS AWT HER AT.

B

CAT THE SAW RAT THE.

C

EHT TAC WAS EHT TAR.

D

THE THE CAT SAW THE RAT.

4

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Tay-Sachs disease is a deadly disorder that is caused by a missing codon in the gene coding for production of the hex A enzyme in the body. Which type of mutation is responsible for causing Tay-Sachs disease?

A

substitution

B

replacement

C

insertion

D

deletion

5

Which type of mutation occurs only in reproductive cells?

A

somatic mutation

B

germline mutation

C

point mutation

D

frameshift mutation

6

Which best describes somatic mutations?

A

They are usually passed on to offspring.

B

They can cause different kinds of cancer.

C

They always result from point mutations.

D

They only occur in reproductive cells.

7

A mutagen is

A

a living thing that has undergone a mutation.

B

an agent that causes a mutation in DNA.

C

a mutation that has affected one gene.

D

any chemical that can poison living cells.

8

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Sickle cell anemia is a disease that occurs when a mutation in a base pair of the hemoglobin beta gene causes a single replacement of the amino acid glutamic acid by the amino acid valine. As a result of this mutation, the individual’s blood cells take on a sickle shape under certain conditions and form clusters that can block blood vessels and cause organ damage. Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia?

A

silent

B

missense

C

insertion

D

frameshift

9

Which type of mutation always produces a stop codon?

A

missense

B

nonsense

C

silent

D

point

10

Which is considered a chemical mutagen?

A

tanning beds

B

tobacco

C

X-rays

D

sunlight

11

Which best describes somatic mutations?

A

They are usually passed on to offspring.

B

They can cause different kinds of cancer.

C

They always result from point mutations.

D

They only occur in reproductive cells.

12

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Sickle cell anemia is a disease that occurs when a mutation in a base pair of the hemoglobin beta gene causes a single replacement of the amino acid glutamic acid by the amino acid valine. As a result of this mutation, the individual’s blood cells take on a sickle shape under certain conditions and form clusters that can block blood vessels and cause organ damage. Which type of mutation causes sickle cell anemia?

A

silent

B

missense

C

insertion

D

frameshift

13

Which type of mutation occurs only in reproductive cells?

A

somatic mutation

B

germline mutation

C

point mutation

D

frameshift mutation

14

Many different types of mutations can occur within the body. Tay-Sachs disease is a deadly disorder that is caused by a missing codon in the gene coding for production of the hex A enzyme in the body. Which type of mutation is responsible for causing Tay-Sachs disease?

A

substitution

B

replacement

C

insertion

D

deletion

15

Which type of mutation always produces a stop codon?

A

missense

B

nonsense

C

silent

D

point

16

A mutagen is

A

a living thing that has undergone a mutation.

B

an agent that causes a mutation in DNA.

C

a mutation that has affected one gene.

D

any chemical that can poison living cells.

17

Based on scientific research, which statement best describes mutations?

A

Mutations are rare occurrences.

B

Mutations are always harmful.

C

Mutations cannot be inherited.

D

Mutations cannot be acquired.

18

A scientist thinks that a certain chemical is a mutagen. She exposes plant cells to a large amount of this chemical in the laboratory. Which statement best provides evidence that the substance is a mutagen?

A

The cells die within hours of being exposed to the chemical.

B

The cells grow more quickly than those that were not exposed to the chemical.

C

The cells change after being exposed to the chemical, and this change is passed to the next generation of cells.

D

The cells continue to divide at the same rate as before they were exposed to the chemical.

19

Which type of mutation occurs only in gametes?

A

germline mutation

B

somatic mutation

C

point mutation

D

frameshift mutation

20

Which best describes genetic mutations?

A

Some inherited genetic mutations can be good for the offspring.

B

Different genetic mutations cause few forms of cancer.

C

Somatic mutations can be inherited from parents or acquired during life.

D

Genetic mutations that cause diseases are always passed on to offspring.

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