Answers2003390-Physics 1 Honors Sem. 1 - PetersEarth-Moon-Sun System

Earth-Moon-Sun System Answers

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The solar mass of the Sun is 1. The orbital period of Jupiter is 11.9 Earth years.

A
5.2 AU
B
41 AU
C
52 AU
D
410 AU
2
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The image shows Earth’s orbit around the Sun.

Question illustration
A
The speed increases from W to X because a component of the gravitational force acts in the direction opposite to the velocity.
B
The speed increases from W to X because a component of the gravitational force acts in the direction of the velocity.
C
The speed increases from X to W because a component of the gravitational force acts in the direction opposite to the velocity.
D
The speed increases from X to W because a component of the gravitational force acts in the direction of the velocity.
3

Phobos orbits Mars in 27,553 s at a distance of 9.378 × 106 m. What is the mass of Mars?

A
2.58 × 1011 kg
B
2.05 × 1023 kg
C
6.43 × 1023 kg
D
1.09 × 1030 kg
4

Which statements describe the relationship of Earth and its moon? Check all that apply.

A
The moon orbits Earth following a nearly circular path.
B
The gravitational pull of Earth on the moon is parallel to the velocity of the moon.
C
The moon orbits Earth in 1 Earth day.
D
The same face of the moon always points toward Earth.
E
The moon’s orbit is the result of the interaction between the moon’s inertia and the gravitational force from Earth.
5

If it takes a planet 2.8 × 108 s to orbit a star with a mass of 6.2 × 1030 kg, what is the average distance between the planet and the star?

A
1.43 × 109 m
B
9.36 × 1011 m
C
5.42 × 1013 m
D
9.06 × 1017 m
6

The table shows information about the moons of Mars.MoonOrbital Period (days)Average Distance from Mars (km)Phobos0.3199378Deimos 23,459What is the orbital period of Deimos?

A
0.0806 days
B
0.798 days
C
1.26 days
D
1.59 days
7

Which quantities decrease as the distance between a planet and the Sun increases? Check all that apply.

A
tangential speed
B
mass
C
gravitational force
D
area swept out in a day
E
distance traveled in a day
8

Johannes Kepler is known for which discovery in astronomy?

A
discovering planets around other stars
B
determining planetary laws of motion
C
recording 20 years of data about planetary motion
D
proposing the heliocentric model of the solar system
9

Which proportionality does Kepler’s third law describe?

A
T2 d
Option A
B
T d
Option B
C
T3 d2
Option C
D
T2 d3
Option D
10

What is an astronomical unit (AU)?

A
the diameter of the Sun
B
the radius of the Sun
C
the average distance between Earth and its moon
D
the average distance between Earth and the Sun

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