Answers2003390-Physics 1 Honors Sem. 1 - PetersEarth-Moon-Sun System

Earth-Moon-Sun System Answers

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The solar mass of the Sun is 1. The orbital period of Jupiter is 11.9 Earth years.

A
5.2 AU
B
41 AU
C
52 AU
D
410 AU
2
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The mass of the Sun is 2 × 1030 kg, and the distance between Neptune and the Sun is 30 AU. What is the orbital period of Neptune in Earth years?

A
30 Earth years
B
164 Earth years
C
3.8 × 1011 Earth years
D
2.3 × 1017 Earth years
3

To solve a problem using the equation for Kepler’s third law, Enrico must convert the average distance of Mars from the Sun from meters into astronomical units.

A
multiply the average distance by 1.5 × 1011
B
multiply 1.5 × 1011 by the average distance
C
divide the average distance by 1.5 × 1011
D
divide 1.5 × 1011 by the average distance
4

The image shows how Earth orbits the Sun. Points W and X are the same distance from the Sun.

Question illustration
A
Earth is speeding up at W and slowing down at X because the force on Earth is greater at W than at X.
B
Earth is slowing down at W and speeding up at X because the force on Earth is greater at W than at X.
C
The speed of Earth is the same at W as at X because the force on Earth is the same at W as at X.
D
The speed of Earth is greater at W than at X because the force on Earth is greater at W than at X.
5

If it takes a planet 2.8 × 108 s to orbit a star with a mass of 6.2 × 1030 kg, what is the average distance between the planet and the star?

A
1.43 × 109 m
B
9.36 × 1011 m
C
5.42 × 1013 m
D
9.06 × 1017 m
6

Which proportionality does Kepler’s third law describe?

A
T2 d
Option A
B
T d
Option B
C
T3 d2
Option C
D
T2 d3
Option D
7

What is an astronomical unit (AU)?

A
the diameter of the Sun
B
the radius of the Sun
C
the average distance between Earth and its moon
D
the average distance between Earth and the Sun
8

Phobos orbits Mars in 27,553 s at a distance of 9.378 × 106 m. What is the mass of Mars?

A
2.58 × 1011 kg
B
2.05 × 1023 kg
C
6.43 × 1023 kg
D
1.09 × 1030 kg
9

Dewayne reviews Kepler’s laws by making the table shown. Which label belongs in each cell of the table?

Question illustration
A
W: FirstX: SecondY: Third
B
W: ThirdX: SecondY: First
C
W: ThirdX: FirstY: Second
D
W: SecondX: ThirdY: First
10

Which statements describe the relationship of Earth and its moon? Check all that apply.

A
The moon orbits Earth following a nearly circular path.
B
The gravitational pull of Earth on the moon is parallel to the velocity of the moon.
C
The moon orbits Earth in 1 Earth day.
D
The same face of the moon always points toward Earth.
E
The moon’s orbit is the result of the interaction between the moon’s inertia and the gravitational force from Earth.

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