AnswersUnited States History and GeographyEffects of Industrialization

Effects of Industrialization — Test Answers

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1
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What is the most likely explanation for why the healthier lunch costs more?

A
The healthier lunch is more expensive because it uses better-quality ingredients.
B
The healthier lunch is more expensive because its beverage costs more.
C
The healthier lunch is more expensive because it helps to reduce childhood obesity.
D
The healthier lunch is more expensive because its dessert costs more.
3

During the late 1800s, the Chinese immigration rate

A
increased as a result of job opportunities in the US.
B
decreased as a result of improved living conditions in China.
C
increased as a result of the California Gold Rush.
D
decreased as a result of US government legislation.
4

Which statement describes an effect of urbanization?

A
The unemployment rate increased in cities.
B
Living conditions improved in city centers.
C
The middle class grew in cities.
D
Cities became less segregated.
5

What is one reason why the expansion of the railroads caused prices of products to drop during the Gilded Age?

A
Railroads provided fast transportation of raw materials to ports for overseas shipments.
B
Railroads provided cheap and fast transportation for both raw materials and products.
C
Railroads provided transportation for products to markets in rural areas of the South.
D
Railroads provided expensive but fast transportation of raw materials and products.
6

Which of these statements best describes why it was difficult for many immigrants to find employment in the US in the late 1800s?

A
They had specific training that was not useful in the US job market.
B
They generally lived in rural areas where there were very few jobs available.
C
They were discriminated against by potential employers.
D
They were not interested in the jobs that were available in factories and mills.
7

What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company?

A
He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.
B
He was interested in the coal business.
C
He wanted to invest in new technology.
D
He thought he could help the company become profitable.
8

Which of these groups became the main residents of the inner city during the Gilded Age?

A
doctors and lawyers
B
clerks and teachers
C
the wealthy
D
the working poor
9

How did the Bessemer process benefit Carnegie’s monopoly?

A
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to produce high-quality steel more quickly.
B
The Bessemer process made the transportation of steel faster and more efficient.
C
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply in his factories.
D
The Bessemer process helped Carnegie hire skilled workers and improve the quality of his product.
10

The growth of business led to the development of a new type of business organization called the corporation. Which of these was a characteristic of a corporation?

A
None of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
B
Each of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
C
The federal government was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
D
Only the owner of the company was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
12

What is the definition of a strike?

A
a union strategy in which workers stop buying an employer’s goods until the employer gives in to workers’ demands
B
a union strategy involving work stoppage designed to put pressure on an employer
C
the refusal of union leaders to allow certain groups of people to join unions
D
negotiations by union leaders on behalf of a group of workers in an attempt to win better pay for workers
13

What is one specific way that living in a company town prevented workers from forming organized labor unions?

A
Workers paid the company for all of their needs, such as food and housing.
B
Companies made everyone who lived in company towns sign an anti-union contract.
C
Company agents were constantly monitoring residents.
D
Everyone in the town worked for the same company.
14

What was the main reason the United States government intervened in the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?

A
The government ended the strike for the purpose of returning thousands of people to work during a time of mass unemployment.
B
The government considered railroads to be critical to national security and ended the strike for chiefly economic reasons.
C
The government sided with the labor unions and sent troops to protect railroad workers.
D
The government took action to end the strike in response to public demands in support of the railroad companies.
15

Which of these innovations was made possible by Alexander Graham Bell?

A
instant communication using a special code
B
instant communication through the written word
C
instant communication between trains
D
instant communication through speech
16

The majority of people who immigrated to America in the late 1800s and early 1900s

A
worked at challenging jobs in the cities.
B
adopted America’s established religions.
C
bought land and became farmers.
D
started businesses with their own resources.
17

Which of these men created a monopoly in the oil industry?

A
Andrew Carnegie
B
John D. Rockefeller
C
J. P. Morgan
D
Henry Ford
18

Which of these best describes the role of lower-class women during the Gilded Age?

A
Lower-class women generally were not allowed to work in factories.
B
Lower-class women usually worked outside the home and hired child care.
C
Most lower-class women stayed at home to take care of their children.
D
Many lower-class women had to work as well as take care of their homes.
19

Which three factors transformed industry during the Gilded Age?

A
the expansion of railroads, new technology, and the government’s repeal of taxes
B
immigration, government investments in business, and the expansion of railroads
C
new technology, government investments in business, and new business practices
D
new business practices, new technology, and the expansion of railroads
20

During the Gilded Age, factories hired unskilled workers to

A
manage the business.
B
help skilled workers.
C
use special tools.
D
operate machines.

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