Elements of Living Organisms Answers

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1
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Which of these elements is found in both carbohydrates and water?

A
carbon
B
oxygen
C
nitrogen
D
helium
2
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Which term describes a pure substance that is made up of only one type of atom?

A
matter
B
rock
C
compound
D
element
3

Students are each given a 20-gram sample of an unknown solid compound in a clear plastic bag. They are instructed to break the material into smaller parts by gently hitting it with a hammer. Some of the parts break into large chunks and some look like a fine powder. Which statement correctly describes these broken pieces of the sample?

A
The fine powder pieces are individual atoms broken from the solid.
B
The larger pieces are still compounds and the smaller pieces are elements.
C
Each piece contains the same number of atoms.
D
Each piece contains the same proportion of different elements.
4

Which element is considered the most versatile element in living organisms and why?

A
hydrogen, because it provides most of the mass of human bodies
B
hydrogen, because it can be found in both organic and inorganic molecules
C
carbon, because it can bond with many elements to form complex molecules
D
carbon, because it provides strength to the important protein, keratin
5

Which substance is a compound?

A
water
B
gold
C
oxygen
D
hydrogen
6

Which element provides strength to the exoskeletons of clams and oysters?

A
sulfur
B
oxygen
C
hydrogen
D
phosphorus
7

Which organisms transform nitrogen to a form that is useful to plants?

A
bacteria
B
animals
C
fungi
D
humans
8

Which is one of the six fundamental elements that are found in living organisms?

A
helium
B
sodium
C
oxygen
D
chlorine
9

Which is a key component of the energy molecule ATP?

A
sodium
B
phosphorus
C
chlorine
D
sulfur
10

Before using any chemical in the lab, why should one first read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?

A
The MSDS provides information on safe handling of the chemical.
B
The MSDS explains where the chemical can be purchased.
C
The MSDS provides the chemical formula for the substance.
D
The MSDS describes how the chemical will react with other substances.

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