Evaluating Scientific Explanations Answers

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1
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Apex is a new internet streaming service. Read their advertisement from the local newspaper.Apex is the newest, fastest streaming service in the area! We provide more than one hundred channels, twice as many as some other streaming services. There are no setup costs, and our monthly fee is one-third the price of every other streaming service in the area.

A
Apex is the only reliable internet streaming service in the area.
B
Apex has more channels for the money than some other streaming services.
C
All other streaming services charge more per channel than Apex does.
D
Other streaming services offer less desirable channels than Apex.
3

If peers accept a scientific paper’s claim, what is the next step in the process?

A
Peers will ask for further revisions.
B
Peers will distribute the paper to scientists outside their field.
C
A journal will publish the paper.
D
A journal will ask for more documentation of data.
6

In a recent survey of students who graduated from a large public high school, nine out of ten students reported that they passed biology with a grade of seventy-five percent or higher. What further data could be produced to be sure that this information is accurate?

A
a review of the students’ school transcripts
B
a survey of students from nearby high schools
C
a consultation with the students’ parents
D
an interview of students from the previous graduating class
9

Which source is most likely an authority on the subject?

A
Dr. Vale, a pediatrician, discusses electrical circuitry on her home-improvement website.
B
Jonah, an amateur cook, teaches his son how to make the best grilled cheese sandwiches.
C
Susan, an architect, presents her hand-made quilts at the Quilting Society.
D
Dr. Patel, a cardiologist, presents her findings on heart disease.
10

Read the article by Michael Fumento, writer for the New York Post editorial blog, who does not support global warming.Back in 2005 I and others reviewed the entire hurricane record, which goes back over a century, and found no increase of any kind. Yes, we sometimes get bad storms—but no frequently now than in the past. The advocates simply ignored that evidence.Fact is, the earth was cooling and warming long before greenhouse gases could have been a factor. The [global warming supporters] have been proved wrong time and time again.

A
Nationally certified organizations are considered an unreliable source because the public can access their information.
B
Charities are considered a reliable source because the public makes financial contributions to them.
C
Editorial blogs are considered an unreliable source because the author may not have a science background.
D
Editorial blogs are considered a reliable source because authors contribute to them regularly.
11

Which is one way that scientists ensure that data is reliable?

A
through data display
B
by replicating experiments
C
through Internet research
D
by providing clear explanations
12

Which factor is found in a scientific claim?

A
endorsements by celebrities
B
subjective data
C
similar results in multiple tests of the claim
D
data based on opinions
13

Which source is reliable?

A
government websites
B
online encyclopedias edited by the public
C
personal websites
D
newspaper editorials
14

Read the claim about caffeine.Caffeine improves mental alertness and motor coordination. A university research study was conducted to examine how moderate doses of caffeine affect fine motor skills. Ten teen girls, ages 14 to 18, were given 200 mg of caffeine per day for 30 days. Thirty minutes after taking the caffeine, each subject took a timed fine motor skills test in which they fitted 20 small beads onto pegs. The graph compares each subject’s average results on the same test done 30 minutes before and after taking the caffeine.

Question illustration
A
people who sell coffee with caffeine
B
people who sell decaffeinated tea
C
diners that serve only drinks without caffeine
D
manufacturers of caffeine-free bottled fruit juice
15

Sharon reads two different articles about avocados. The first article, in a weight-loss magazine, claims that avocados are unhealthy because they are high in fat. The second article, in an annual publication from a doctors’ group, claims that the fat in avocados is a type that is good for the heart.To assess these claims, which question might Sharon ask?

A
Which source do avocados come from?
B
Where are avocados sold?
C
Is the source an authority on the subject?
D
How much do avocados cost?

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