Arturo has had periods of moderate to severe depression. “It’s hard for me to have confidence in myself,” Arturo says. “When I was a kid, both my parents often told me that I would never be any good.” What model of abnormality is this MOST likely to be?

The cognitive model focuses on how negative beliefs and patterns of thinking can contribute to depression. Arturo’s parents repeatedly told him he would never be any good, which could have led him to develop a negative belief about himself and lose confidence. This points to the cognitive model.

AI-written and checked against the verified answer.