AnswersSLPS-2001310-EarthSpace B -GFClassification of Living Things

Fission and Fusion Answers

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Trudy writes an expression to calculate the mass defect of a carbon-14 nucleus using the symbols in the table.

Question illustration
A
(6mp + 8mn) – mc – 14
B
(8mp + 6mn) – mc – 14
C
mp + mn – mc – 14
D
6mp + 8me – mc – 14
2
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The starting materials in a nuclear change have a total mass of 2.3465 × 10–27 kg. After the change, the resulting materials have a mass of 2.3148 × 10–27 kg.How much energy was released during the change?

A
2.85 × 10–12 J
B
2.08 × 10–10 J
C
2.11 × 10–10 J
D
8.56 × 10–4 J
3

What conditions are required for nuclear fusion?

A
high temperature and low pressure
B
high temperature and high pressure
C
low temperature and high pressure
D
low temperature and low pressure
4

How are nuclear reactions used to meet the world’s energy needs?

A
Both fusion and fission are used to generate electricity, but more fission reactors than fusion reactors are in use.
B
Fission reactors are used to generate electricity, but fusion is not yet practical enough to be used.
C
Both fusion and fission are used to generate electricity, but more fusion reactors than fission reactors are in use.
D
Fusion reactors are used to generate electricity, but fission is not yet practical enough to be used.
5

What are the starting materials for nuclear fission?

A
two small nuclei
B
two large nuclei
C
a neutron and a large nucleus
D
a neutron and a small nucleus
6

The nuclear equation is incomplete.

Question illustration
A
Superscript 138 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option A
B
Superscript 139 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option B
C
Superscript 119 Subscript 54 Baseline X e
Option C
D
Superscript 138 Subscript 52 Baseline T e
Option D
7

Gazala makes a graphic organizer to compare nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

Question illustration
A
X: Provides household electricityY: Has rods containing uranium
B
X: Provides household electricityY: Requires high temperature and pressure
C
X: Converts mass into energyY: Does not produce usable amounts of energy
D
X: Converts mass into energyY: Is controlled by neutron absorption
8

The process in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two lighter atoms, releasing a large amount of energy, is nuclear ______

A
Fusion
B
Fission
C
Radiation
D
Energy
9

What is the energy equivalent of an object with a mass of 2.5 kg?

A
5.5 × 108 J
B
7.5 × 108 J
C
3.6 × 1016 J
D
2.25 × 1017 J
10

Which would most likely cause a decrease in the rate of energy production in a fusion nuclear reactor?

A
a drop in the temperature in the reactor
B
an increase in the number of neutrons in the reactor
C
an increase in the amount of nuclear fuel used in the reactor
D
a drop in the number of reactions that involve the splitting of nuclei
11

Which is a product of nuclear fusion?

A
a nucleus that has a greater mass number than the starting materials
B
two nuclei that are roughly half the mass of the starting materials
C
a nucleus that has the same atomic number as the starting materials
D
two nuclei that have greater atomic numbers than the starting materials
12

Which are advantages of using nuclear reactors to generate electricity? Select 3 options.

A
Nuclear power produces no hazardous byproducts.
B
Nuclear power has a high output.
C
Nuclear power uses nonharmful fuel.
D
Nuclear power is readily available.
E
Nuclear power produces relatively low carbon dioxide emissions.
13

Which statement describes why energy is released in a nuclear fusion reaction based on mass-energy equivalence?

A
For large nuclei, the mass of the original nucleus is greater than the mass of the products.
B
For large nuclei, the mass of the original nucleus is less than the mass of the products.
C
For small nuclei, the binding energy of the lighter nuclei is greater than the binding energy of the heavier nucleus.
D
For small nuclei, the binding energy of the lighter nuclei is less than the binding energy of the heavier nucleus.
14

The diagram shows a model of a nuclear change.

Question illustration
A
nuclear fission, because nuclei combine
B
nuclear fission, because a nucleus breaks apart
C
nuclear fusion, because nuclei combine
D
nuclear fusion, because a nucleus breaks apart
15

Which equation represents mass-energy equivalence?

A
E = m2c
B
E = mc2
C
E = (mc)2
D
E = mc
16

The nuclear equation is incomplete.

Question illustration
A
Superscript 12 Subscript 6 Baseline M g
Option A
B
Superscript 11 Subscript 5 Baseline B
Option B
C
Superscript 11 Subscript 5 Baseline N a
Option C
D
Superscript 12 Subscript 6 Baseline C
Option D
17

What is the energy equivalent of an object with a mass of 1.05 g?

A
3.15 × 105 J
B
3.15 × 108 J
C
9.45 × 1013 J
D
9.45 × 1016 J
18

Which are associated with nuclear fission but are not associated with nuclear fusion? Select three options.

A
neutrons striking nuclei
B
two small nuclei joining together
C
the release of large amounts of energy
D
a single large nucleus breaking apart
E
two small nuclei forming
19

Carla sees an equation that models a nuclear change.

Question illustration
A
nuclear fission, because the equation shows two hydrogen nuclei combining to form a helium nucleus
B
nuclear fission, because the equation shows a hydrogen nucleus breaking apart and releasing a neutron
C
nuclear fusion, because the equation shows two hydrogen nuclei combining to form a helium nucleus
D
nuclear fusion, because the equation shows a hydrogen nucleus breaking apart and releasing a neutron

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