AnswersPMHS Biology I Q2Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Genetic Code Answers

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1
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If the same base pairs are used to code for all organisms, why is there so much variation among organisms?

A
The order of the codons differs between organisms.
B
The order of the codons is the same between organisms.
C
The codons in each organism are the same.
D
The codons in each organism differ.
2
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Which is one of the primary goals of the Human Genome Project?

A
to cure all diseases that affect humans
B
to sequence the genome of every living individual
C
to identify the 20,000 to 25,000 genes that comprise the human genome
D
to measure the length of human DNA
3

What was Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei’s contribution to our current understanding of the genetic code?

A
discovery of codons
B
discovery and extraction of DNA
C
creation of a model of DNA
D
creation of Photo 51
4

Which are segments of DNA that code for specific traits?

A
genes
B
chromosomes
C
proteins
D
codons
5

In which structure is all the genetic information of an organism found?

A
DNA
B
gene
C
codon
D
protein
6

Rosalind Franklin is famous for which contribution to the study of DNA?

A
creation of an accurate model of DNA structure
B
creation of an X-ray diffraction image of DNA structure
C
identification of a pattern in ratios of DNA bases
D
identification of DNA in bandages that contained pus
7

Which of the following incorrectly matches the term with its location?

A
DNA is found in a chromosome.
B
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell.
C
Genes are located in a nucleotide.
D
Nitrogen bases are located in the central rungs of a DNA ladder.
8

As DNA is replicated, which DNA base pair will bond to cytosine?

A
adenine
B
thymine
C
cytosine
D
guanine
9

Which best describes the outcome of DNA replication?

A
The new DNA molecule is identical to the original DNA.
B
The new DNA molecule is synthesized from amino acids.
C
The new DNA molecule has a different number of codons.
D
The new DNA molecule is single-stranded.
10

Which bases are found in a strand of DNA?

A
thymine, guanine, cytosine, uracil
B
guanine, cytosine, uracil, adenine
C
cytosine, glycine, adenine, thymine
D
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
11

Who is credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA?

A
Rosalind Franklin
B
Friedrich Miescher
C
James Watson and Francis Crick
D
Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei
12

What basic unit of heredity is found on segments of DNA and are passed on from parent to offspring?

A
nucleotide
B
gene
C
phosphate molecule
D
deoxyribose sugar
13

In 1953, who developed the model that is shown below?

Question illustration
A
James Watson and Francis Crick
B
Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
Erwin Chargaff
14

According to Chargaff's rule, base pairing in DNA should resemble which of the following?

A
A = T; C = G
B
A = C; T = G
C
A = G; T = U
D
A = U; C = G

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