In peas, yellow seed color (Y) is dominant to green seed color (y). A homozygous green seed pea plant is crossed with a heterozygous yellow seed pea plant. What is the predicted phenotypic ratio of the offspring based on seed color?

The homozygous green parent has genotype yy, and the heterozygous yellow parent has genotype Yy. The yy parent can pass only y, while the Yy parent passes Y or y with equal probability, so the offspring are half Yy (yellow) and half yy (green). Therefore, the predicted phenotypic ratio is 50 percent yellow and 50 percent green.

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