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How to Experiment Well — Quiz Answers

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1
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Randomization is important when assigning the participants to the treatment and control groups to ensure

A
that the experiment results can be generalized to all people.
B
that both groups have participants that like both popular juice brands.
C
that there will be the same number of participants in both groups.
D
that both groups are roughly equivalent with regards to demographics and juice preferences.
2
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Which component is missing from the researcher’s process?

A
The researcher did not label the pieces of sod before randomly selecting them.
B
The researcher did not randomly pick the 30 pieces of sod.
C
The researcher did not assign a treatment to each group of sod.
D
The researcher did not randomly pick the vendor.
3

Which component is missing from the researcher’s process?

A
The researcher used volunteers instead of randomly selected people from the population.
B
The researcher did not properly label the slips of paper before putting them into the hat.
C
The researcher did not allow all participants the same chance to be included in the treatment group.
D
The researcher did not use randomization to assign people to the treatment group or the control group.
4

The characteristics of the two groups

A
should be roughly equivalent because the participants were labeled and then randomly selected for the groups.
B
should be roughly equivalent because both groups will have 25 participants.
C
might not be roughly equivalent because one group may contain people that drink more juice than the other group.
D
might not be roughly equivalent because one group may contain more people that prefer a particular juice brand.
5

Which component is missing from the researcher’s process?

A
The researcher did not assign the 50 names to the treatment group or the control group.
B
The researcher should have used numbers instead of names for confidentiality reasons.
C
The researcher used volunteers instead of randomly selected people from the population.
D
The researcher did not use enough randomization in the process.
6

Why is randomization important when setting up an experiment to answer this research question?

A
to ensure that the rooms for both groups are approximately the same regarding time of day, temperature, sound control, and lighting
B
to ensure that both groups have a nice mix of students
C
to ensure that both groups are roughly equivalent regarding students’ preparedness, anxiety levels, and study skills
D
to ensure that the two groups have the same number of students
7

Which statement best describes the composition of the groups?

A
The characteristics of the two groups might not be roughly equivalent because students who arrive around the same time might be friends and have similar preferences for scented candles.
B
The characteristics of the two groups might not be roughly equivalent because the students were not labeled and given a random number to place them in one of the groups.
C
The characteristics of the two groups should be roughly equivalent because the students were split into groups on a randomly chosen day.
D
The characteristics of the two groups should be roughly equivalent because both groups have 15 students.
8

Which component is missing from the researcher’s process?

A
The researcher did not use randomization when selecting the pieces of sod from the vendors.
B
The researcher did not randomly pick the vendors when purchasing the pieces of sod.
C
The researcher should not have laid out the pieces of sod in different areas.
D
The researcher did not randomly assign the pieces of sod to the treatment groups.
9

Which component is missing from the researcher’s process?

A
The researcher did not use randomization to select the treatment and control groups.
B
The researcher did not randomly choose the participants for the experiment.
C
The researcher did not label the participants with numbers before placing the numbers in a hat.
D
The researcher did not use enough random selections to make the correct number of groups.
10

Which design is the most appropriate for this experiment?

A
Select a student, and identify the first digit reading from left to right on a random number table. If the first digit is 1 or 2, assign that student to the technique 1 group. Similarly, digits 3 or 4, 5 or 6, 7or 8, and 9 or 0 go with the technique 2, technique 3, technique 4, and control groups, respectively. Repeat this process for each student.
B
Randomly number each person with 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. Assign the students to the treatment groups based on their label.
C
Number each student from 1 to 75. Reading the numbers from left to right on a random number table, identify 60 unique numbers from 1 to 75. Assign the students whose labels are the first 15 numbers to the technique 1 group. Assign the students whose labels are the second 15 numbers to the technique 2 group. Repeat this process two more times to assign the technique 3 and technique 4 groups. Finally, assign the remaining students to the control group.
D
Number each student from 00 to 74. Reading the numbers from left to right on a table of random numbers and looking at two digits at a time, identify 60 unique two-digit numbers from 00 to 74. Assign the students whose labels are the first 15 numbers to the technique 1 group. Assign the students whose labels are the second 15 numbers to the technique 2 group. Repeat this process two more times to assign the technique 3 and technique 4 groups. Finally, assign the remaining students to the control group.

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