AnswersUS History and GeographyIndustrialization and the Gilded Age

Industrialization and the Gilded Age — Test Answers

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1
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What does the graph tell you about the balance of income during the late 1800s?

A
Most people were factory or company owners.
B
Most people earned about the same amount of money.
C
Most people earned enough money to support their families.
D
Most people did not earn more than $1,200 in a year.
2
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How did the railroads impact the relationship between eastern cities and the Great Plains?

A
Railroads brought settlers to cities in the East, and crops and food to farms in the Great Plains.
B
Railroads brought settlers west, but did not bring anything east, so the relationship was not equal.
C
Railroads brought crops and food to cities in the East, and settlers to farms in the Great Plains.
D
Railroads brought crops and food east, but did not bring anything west, so the relationship was not equal.
3

The growth of business led to the development of a new type of business organization called the corporation. Which of these was a characteristic of a corporation?

A
Only the owner of the company was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
B
The federal government was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
C
Each of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
D
None of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
4

Which statement describes an effect of urbanization?

A
The unemployment rate increased in cities.
B
The middle class grew in cities.
C
Living conditions improved in city centers.
D
Cities became less segregated.
5

Which of these characterizes child labor in the 1800s?

A
Children who worked hard had the opportunity to get promoted.
B
Children had the opportunity to learn trade skills at work.
C
Children performed physical labor for long hours each day.
D
Children performed physical labor after school each day.
6

Which of these statements best describes why it was difficult for many immigrants to find employment in the US in the late 1800s?

A
They were discriminated against by potential employers.
B
They generally lived in rural areas where there were very few jobs available.
C
They had specific training that was not useful in the US job market.
D
They were not interested in the jobs that were available in factories and mills.
7

What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company?

A
He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.
B
He was interested in the coal business.
C
He thought he could help the company become profitable.
D
He wanted to invest in new technology.
8

The majority of people who immigrated to America in the late 1800s and early 1900s

A
adopted America’s established religions.
B
bought land and became farmers.
C
worked at challenging jobs in the cities.
D
started businesses with their own resources.
10

Which of these groups became the main residents of the inner city during the Gilded Age?

A
doctors and lawyers
B
clerks and teachers
C
the working poor
D
the wealthy
11

What is one reason why the expansion of the railroads caused prices of products to drop during the Gilded Age?

A
Railroads provided cheap and fast transportation for both raw materials and products.
B
Railroads provided expensive but fast transportation of raw materials and products.
C
Railroads provided transportation for products to markets in rural areas of the South.
D
Railroads provided fast transportation of raw materials to ports for overseas shipments.
12

How did the Bessemer process benefit Carnegie’s monopoly?

A
The Bessemer process made the transportation of steel faster and more efficient.
B
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to produce high-quality steel more quickly.
C
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply in his factories.
D
The Bessemer process helped Carnegie hire skilled workers and improve the quality of his product.
13

Which best explains how railroad companies were able to standardize their timetables in 1883?

A
by complying with federal legislation
B
by unionizing their labor forces
C
by working together voluntarily
D
by combining into a single railway company
15

Which invention allowed the greatest personal freedom of travel?

A
the elevated train
B
the transcontinental railroad
C
the automobile
D
the horse-drawn trolley
16

How did living in company towns make union membership more difficult for workers?

A
Workers made enough money that they did not need unions.
B
They could fire workers who moved away from the town.
C
Company guards and agents spied on and reported workers.
D
Workers received free homes, food, and clothing.
17

Which three factors transformed industry during the Gilded Age?

A
immigration, government investments in business, and the expansion of railroads
B
the expansion of railroads, new technology, and the government’s repeal of taxes
C
new technology, government investments in business, and new business practices
D
new business practices, new technology, and the expansion of railroads
18

A sparsely populated country that undergoes industrial growth would be most likely to

A
expel immigrants from other countries.
B
attract immigrants from other countries.
C
pass laws to restrict immigration.
D
experience a decline in population.
19

Which of these innovations was made possible by Alexander Graham Bell?

A
instant communication through speech
B
instant communication through the written word
C
instant communication between trains
D
instant communication using a special code
20

In the system of mass production, unskilled workers

A
were hired to help skilled workers and were paid more than skilled workers.
B
were hired to assist skilled workers and were paid the same as skilled workers.
C
were hired to tend to machines and were paid more than skilled workers.
D
were hired to tend to machines and were paid less than skilled workers.

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