AnswersUS HistoryIndustrialization and the Gilded Age

Industrialization and the Gilded Age — Test Answers

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1
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What does the graph tell you about the balance of income during the late 1800s?

A
Most people earned enough money to support their families.
B
Most people earned about the same amount of money.
C
Most people did not earn more than $1,200 in a year.
D
Most people were factory or company owners.
2
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What is one reason why the expansion of the railroads caused prices of products to drop during the Gilded Age?

A
Railroads provided expensive but fast transportation of raw materials and products.
B
Railroads provided transportation for products to markets in rural areas of the South.
C
Railroads provided fast transportation of raw materials to ports for overseas shipments.
D
Railroads provided cheap and fast transportation for both raw materials and products.
3

How did the Bessemer process benefit Carnegie’s monopoly?

A
The Bessemer process helped Carnegie hire skilled workers and improve the quality of his product.
B
The Bessemer process made the transportation of steel faster and more efficient.
C
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply in his factories.
D
The Bessemer process allowed Carnegie to produce high-quality steel more quickly.
4

Which of these was a significant social change during the Gilded Age?

A
women formed labor unions
B
employers created workplace protection for children
C
employers stopped hiring children
D
women formed suffrage groups
5

The growth of business led to the development of a new type of business organization called the corporation. Which of these was a characteristic of a corporation?

A
The federal government was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
B
None of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
C
Only the owner of the company was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
D
Each of the company’s stockholders was legally responsible if the company went bankrupt.
6

What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company?

A
He wanted to invest in new technology.
B
He was interested in the coal business.
C
He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.
D
He thought he could help the company become profitable.
7

Gustavo wants to include primary sources to support his claim about the Industrial Revolution. Which sources should he use? Choose three correct answers.

A
a magazine article written by an expert on the Industrial Revolution
B
a speech given by an Industrial Revolution-era labor organizer
C
an original photograph taken at an Industrial Revolution-era factory
D
the journal of a factory worker who worked during the Industrial Revolution
E
an essay on the Industrial Revolution written by a historian
F
a textbook covering factory practices during the Industrial Revolution
8

Which of these characterizes child labor in the 1800s?

A
Children had the opportunity to learn trade skills at work.
B
Children performed physical labor for long hours each day.
C
Children who worked hard had the opportunity to get promoted.
D
Children performed physical labor after school each day.
9

Which of these men created a monopoly in the oil industry?

A
J. P. Morgan
B
Andrew Carnegie
C
John D. Rockefeller
D
Henry Ford
10

In which of these situations would the government have been most likely to become involved in union protests?

A
a request by management
B
a union formed against a company’s will
C
a successful strike
D
a violent or destructive protest
11

How did elevated trains and subways improve urban transportation?

A
by using horses and carriages to commute
B
by transporting commuters without crowding city streets
C
by delivering fresh food to people in cities
D
by making the automobile unnecessary
13

Which three factors transformed industry during the Gilded Age?

A
new technology, government investments in business, and new business practices
B
immigration, government investments in business, and the expansion of railroads
C
the expansion of railroads, new technology, and the government’s repeal of taxes
D
new business practices, new technology, and the expansion of railroads
14

What is the firsthand historical evidence used to support a claim in an argumentative essay called?

A
an expert source
B
a secondary source
C
a primary source
D
an academic source
15

The majority of people who immigrated to America in the late 1800s and early 1900s

A
adopted America’s established religions.
B
started businesses with their own resources.
C
bought land and became farmers.
D
worked at challenging jobs in the cities.
16

Where should the writer place his or her reasons in detail when organizing an argumentative essay?

A
in the introduction
B
in the body paragraphs
C
in the rebuttals
D
in the conclusion
17

How did living in company towns make union membership more difficult for workers?

A
Company guards and agents spied on and reported workers.
B
Workers received free homes, food, and clothing.
C
Workers made enough money that they did not need unions.
D
They could fire workers who moved away from the town.
18

In the system of mass production, unskilled workers

A
were hired to tend to machines and were paid less than skilled workers.
B
were hired to assist skilled workers and were paid the same as skilled workers.
C
were hired to tend to machines and were paid more than skilled workers.
D
were hired to help skilled workers and were paid more than skilled workers.
19

Which of the following best describes the push and pull factors involved in Mary Antin’s immigration to the US?

A
famine and job opportunities
B
threat of war and possibility of peace
C
religious persecution and religious freedom
D
financial problems and educational opportunities
20

Which of these statements best describes why it was difficult for many immigrants to find employment in the US in the late 1800s?

A
They were not interested in the jobs that were available in factories and mills.
B
They generally lived in rural areas where there were very few jobs available.
C
They were discriminated against by potential employers.
D
They had specific training that was not useful in the US job market.

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