During the Enlightenment, which philosopher first promoted the idea that people have the right to overthrow their government if it fails in its obligations or takes away their natural rights?

John Locke argued that people have natural rights, including life, liberty, and property, and that government exists to protect them. If a government fails to meet its obligations or violates those rights, Locke said the people may withdraw their consent and replace it. The correct choice is John Locke.

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