Which factors led to stalemate in the trenches? Check all that apply.

Trench warfare favored defenders: trenches were built to protect soldiers and hold ground, while machine guns and other defensive weapons made attacks costly. Because offensive forces often had to cross exposed ground, trench assaults caused heavy casualties without gaining much territory. New technologies did not generally make it easy to overtake enemy trenches, so choice B is not a cause of the stalemate.

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