King Menes upper and lower Egypt, founded the capital city of Memphis, and established the first Egyptian . Egyptian pharaohs, like Menes, were also believed to be gods; this form of government, in which political leaders are also religious figures, is called a .

Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt and is credited with founding the first Egyptian dynasty, a line of rulers from the same family. A government in which political leaders are also religious figures is called a theocracy; that term is separate from the choices shown.

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