Question 3 • 41111de1 ECAD Fall 2026 - Q2 - NM-Biology - S1
Light-independent reactions, or the Calvin cycle, use carbon dioxide along with ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions. They occur in the chloroplast stroma, where CO2 is combined with the five-carbon sugar RuBP. ATP and NADPH supply energy and reducing power to help make carbohydrate molecules, which can be used to produce glucose and other carbohydrates.
AI-written and checked against the verified answer.