Civil Rights at the Turn of the Century

Question 2 • MO-US History II A

Which reason supports the Muller decision?

Answer

“[H]ealthy mothers are essential to vigorous offspring, [so] the physical well-being of woman becomes an object of public interest.”

“The Fourteenth Amendment protects an individual's general right to make a contract in relation to his business.”

“Bakers are able to assert their rights and care for themselves without the state’s interference.”

Explanation

Muller v. Oregon upheld limits on women’s working hours, reasoning that women’s health and their role as mothers were matters of public concern. Choice A gives that rationale by linking mothers’ health to the well-being of future generations. Choice B describes a liberty-to-contract argument associated with Lochner, while choice C reflects the reasoning in a case about bakers’ working conditions.

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The Progressive Movement

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