AnswersRS AZ-US History AWorkers in the Industrial Era

Labor and Unrest Answers

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1
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The system of mass production in manufacturing developed rapidly

A
after the Industrial Revolution.
B
during the Gilded Age.
C
before the Industrial Revolution.
D
after the Gilded Age.
2
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During the Gilded Age, the shift to a system of mass production that paid workers low wages affected

A
men, women, and children.
B
both men and women.
C
only children.
D
only men.
3

The system of large amounts of products produced rapidly by machines is called

A
skilled production.
B
unskilled production.
C
mass production.
D
limited production.
4

How did shoemaking change during the Gilded Age?

A
In 1800, shoes were made by hand. In 1900, shoes were being mass-produced in factories.
B
In 1800, shoes were mass-produced in factories. In 1900, shoes were still made in factories.
C
In 1800, shoes were made by hand. In 1900, shoes were still made by hand.
D
In 1800, shoes were mass-produced in factories. In 1900, shoes were made by hand.
5

During the Gilded Age, people who worked in factories

A
had only moderate health benefits in case of accidents.
B
had to work long hours.
C
had many opportunities for job promotions.
D
were often taught new skills.
6

During the Second Industrial Revolution, which system of production dominated in factories?

A
a system in which products were made slowly by hand
B
a system in which products were made rapidly by machines
C
a system in which products were made rapidly by hand
D
a system in which products were made using specialized tools
7

Look at the graph. Which answer best interprets the information shown in the graph?

Question illustration
A
The smallest number of women worked in factories.
B
The smallest number of women worked as teachers or nurses.
C
The largest number of women worked as farmers or domestic laborers.
D
The largest number of women worked in factories.
8

Which of the following best describes the scope of social reform movements during the Gilded Age?

A
Reform movements aimed to organize labor unions and worked for child labor laws, safety in the workplace, and women’s suffrage.
B
Reform movements worked only for women’s suffrage and equal pay for equal work.
C
Reform movements worked only for child labor laws, safety in the workplace, and women’s suffrage.
D
Reform movements worked only to reform labor unions and for child labor laws.
9

How did Jan Matzeliger change the shoemaking industry in the 1800s?

A
Stitching shoes was laborious, so Matzeliger invented the sewing machine.
B
Adding laces to shoes was laborious, so Matzeliger invented the lacing machine.
C
Adding heels to shoes was laborious, so Matzeliger invented the heeling machine.
D
Attaching the top of the shoe to the sole was laborious, so Matzeliger invented the lasting machine.
10

As the economy grew during the Gilded Age, many workers and their families

A
became wealthier as their income increased.
B
continued to have low incomes and could not escape poverty.
C
earned a higher income and continued working in factories.
D
continued to have low incomes but were able to live more comfortably.
11

Which of the following best describes Samuel Gompers’s role in relation to the goals of organized labor?

A
He was the founder and first mayor of Pullman, Illinois.
B
He was a labor leader who created the first wildcat strike.
C
He was a US congressman who sponsored anti-striking legislation.
D
He was the first president of the largest labor organization in the world.
12

The wildcat strike by employees of the Pullman Company in 1894 was

A
disorganized and ineffective.
B
not approved by a union.
C
approved by a union.
D
short and ineffective.
13

Which statement best describes the overall goal of early labor unions?

A
Early labor unions wanted longer working hours.
B
Early labor unions wanted educational assistance.
C
Early labor unions wanted pay similar to that of unskilled workers.
D
Early labor unions wanted pay similar to that of skilled workers.
14

Which of the following was a tactic that companies used to hurt unions?

A
hiring scabs
B
firing all workers
C
using arbitration
D
hiring the military
15

Following the Pullman strike, efforts by employers to obtain anti-union court orders were generally

A
unsuccessful because the courts did not have the power to issue them.
B
unsuccessful because of widespread sympathy for union activities.
C
successful because anti-union court orders were seldom used.
D
successful because there were no legal protections for unions.
16

Which of the following best states the reason why workers formed unions beginning in the late 1800s?

A
They believed they should have better working conditions and compensation.
B
They believed there were not enough jobs available for unskilled workers.
C
They believed that unionizing child workers would give young people a sense of purpose.
D
They believed that unions provided the only way to end strikes and lockouts.
17

Unions sought to improve workers’ pay and working conditions by

A
hiring security guards to keep costs low.
B
setting up an apprentice system.
C
negotiating with employers.
D
working together in company towns.
18

Which of the following was a direct result of the Pullman strike?

A
The Pullman Company began to lay off workers and cut wages.
B
The Pullman Company banned alcohol in Pullman, Illinois.
C
Eugene V. Debs received a cash settlement from the Pullman Company.
D
Eugene V. Debs was arrested for his union activities and put in jail.
19

Why did blacklisted union members have trouble finding jobs after the Pullman strike?

A
They could be criminally charged if they applied for work elsewhere.
B
They had been physically injured during the strike and could not work.
C
They had been arrested and had criminal records following the strike.
D
They were viewed by potential employers as troublemakers.
20

What tactic did the Pinkertons use to bust unions?

A
union banning
B
spying
C
blacklisting
D
bribery

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