Labor Answers

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Read the excerpt from a letter about the early trade union movement.The trade union movement came into being as a movement of hunger. It was made necessary by conditions. It was in the beginning formed in response to a hunger for enough to eat . . . As it became possible to secure more food, other hungers demanded satisfaction . . . The demands were for more and better food, for better clothes and for better homes. It required a struggle to satisfy these needs . . . [A]t every step of the way it was necessary to overcome the stubborn opposition of employers who were resolved not to recede and not to relinquish any of the powers and privileges which they possessed.—Samuel Gompers, 1920

A
They struggle just as workers do.
B
They earned their privileges.
C
They are greedy and selfish.
D
They are stubborn but hardworking.
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What is the most likely reason why many of the New York Factory Investigating Commission’s suggestions were not implemented immediately?

A
The public did not support new safety regulations until several factory disasters occurred.
B
Many of the suggested changes would have negatively affected the quality of products made in factories.
C
Most workers outside New York would not have benefited from widespread factory reform.
D
Factory owners resisted the suggestions because they would be costly to implement.
3

[BLANK]

A
Minimum wage
B
Child labor
C
Union membership
D
Workers’ compensation
4

In the year 2013, which of these fields has the largest percentage of workers?

A
entertainment and tourism
B
construction industry
C
education and health care
D
manufacturing industry
5

What event had an enormous effect on US workplace safety?

A
a new minimum wage
B
the first labor union
C
a worker strike
D
a deadly factory fire
6

Health care, business, retail, and education are examples of ________ industries.

A
service
B
entertainment
C
manufacturing
D
construction
7

Why must the government consider companies’ needs as well as those of workers?

A
Workers often take advantage of safety and wage laws and regulations.
B
Company owners can easily vote government officials out of office.
C
Employers deserve the same benefits and protections as employees do.
D
Regulations can be costly and may drive companies out of business.
8

What is the definition of minimum wage?

A
the lowest hourly pay that workers can receive
B
the average pay for qualified workers
C
the starting salary for all new employees
D
the required pay when an employee is injured
9

What is the economic outlook for occupations in the healthcare sector?

A
weak to very poor
B
depends on the economy
C
will remain stable
D
will increase in demand over time
10

What is one benefit for US workers who have a college degree rather than a high school diploma?

A
More than 80 percent of jobs require a college degree.
B
Those with a college degree report higher job satisfaction.
C
Most workers with a college degree are immune to layoffs.
D
Those with a college degree earn nearly twice as much as those without college.

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Labor Answers — HSA 26-27 Economics