Laws of Inheritance Answers

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What is a gene?

A
the different forms of a trait
B
a segment of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity
C
the appearance or characteristics that are seen in an organism
D
an organism's allele combination
4

What does the notation Rr mean to geneticists?

A
heterozygous alleles
B
homozygous alleles
C
dominant alleles
D
recessive alleles
8

Why did Mendel study pea plants?

A
They reproduce asexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.
B
They reproduce asexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.
C
They reproduce sexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.
D
They reproduce sexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.
9

When Mendel crossed purebred purple flowering plants (PP) with purebred white flowering plants (pp), what were the flower colors of the resulting offspring?

A
25 percent white and 75 percent purple
B
50 percent white and 50 percent purple
C
100 percent purple
D
100 percent white
10

What can be known about Mendel’s five-part hypothesis?

A
It is an answer to a scientific question and is based mostly on his research.
B
It identifies three alleles for each gene.
C
It is an answer to a scientific question and is based on publications on genetics.
D
It identifies one allele for each gene.
11

Which of Mendel's laws or principles explains that traits are passed from parents to offspring individually instead of as pairs, groups, or sets?

A
the principle of dominance
B
the law of independent assortment
C
the law of segregation
D
the principle of genetics
12

Two plants are heterozygous for seed shape and have round seeds. If the two plants are crossed, what is the probability that the offspring will have wrinkled seeds?

A
25 percent
B
50 percent
C
75 percent
D
100 percent
13

Parents that are heterozygous for having freckles (dominant) are crossed. Which correctly describes their offspring?

A
Twenty-five percent have freckles.
B
Twenty-five percent are Ff.
C
Seventy-five percent have freckles.
D
Seventy-five percent are Ff.
14

The diagram represents one of Mendel’s laws or principles of inheritance. Which law or principle shown in the diagram is represented by the F2 generation having one gene from each parent?

Question illustration
A
dominance
B
independent assortment
C
segregation
D
genetics
15

Each kernel of corn on a single ear can inherit a different set of alleles from those inherited by other kernels. This characteristic makes corn a useful example of which law or principle?

A
principle of dominance
B
law of independent assortment
C
law of segregation
D
law of genetics
16

The concept of evolution by way of natural selection is a central tenet in biology that has been tested in numerous ways by many scientists. Evolution by way of natural selection is most likely which type of concept?

A
an explanation of phenomena that can be accepted as true because it is supported by repeated observations and experimentation
B
a likelihood based on the chance that a particular event will or will not occur during an experiment
C
a testable explanation or answer to a scientific question based on prior knowledge or research
D
a statement of fact that is accepted as true because it has always been observed to be true through observations and experimentation
17

Why did Mendel study pea plants?

A
They reproduce asexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.
B
They reproduce asexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.
C
They reproduce sexually and have one trait that is easy to observe.
D
They reproduce sexually and have many traits that are easy to observe.
18

Which of Mendel's laws or principles states that gametes carry one allele for each trait?

A
principle of dominance
B
law of independent assortment
C
law of segregation
D
law of genetics
19

What does the notation Rr mean to geneticists?

A
heterozygous alleles
B
homozygous alleles
C
dominant alleles
D
recessive alleles
20

Which statement summarizes the law of segregation?

A
Gametes are passed in pairs, groups, or sets.
B
Traits that are dominant mask traits that are recessive.
C
Gametes carry one allele for each trait.
D
Traits are passed independently of one another.

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