In the simple peace treaty negotiated at Fort Smith between the Five Tribes and the United States, the Five Tribes __________.

The Fort Smith peace agreement followed the Civil War, when the Five Tribes had made treaties with the Confederacy. In the treaty, they pledged allegiance to the United States and revoked those earlier Confederate treaties. Therefore, the correct choice is “pledged allegiance to the United States and revoked all previous treaties with the Confederacy.”

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