Answers670201 World History S1 – MYERS JOSHUA AThe Enlightenment

Lesson 4- The Enlightenment Answers

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A political effect of the Enlightenment was that

A
some monarchs embraced new ideas from the movement.
B
support for rebels fighting the French Revolution decreased.
C
many people rejected the idea of representative government.
D
the constitutional monarchy in England came to an end.
2
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Enlightenment thinkers rejected the concept of

A
absolutism.
B
freedom.
C
individuality.
D
society.
3

Baron de Montesquieu was an Enlightenment philosopher from

A
Belgium.
B
England.
C
France.
D
Germany.
4

Read the passage from John Locke’s Second Treatise of Government.The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings, capable of laws, where there is no law there is no freedom.The quotation supports Locke’s belief in

A
the need for absolute rule to keep people in control.
B
the social contract between people and government.
C
the need to keep the church separate from the state.
D
the desire for three different branches of government.
5

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Thomas Hobbes?

A
People are naturally reasonable.
B
People are naturally selfish and violent.
C
Governments create unequal societies.
D
Government should be separate from religion.
6

Which movement happened last in Europe?

A
the Enlightenment
B
the Middle Ages
C
the Reformation
D
the Renaissance
7

The social contract theory states that

A
governments should always be allowed to encourage the spread of Protestantism.
B
farmers are required to give up some rights in exchange for government provided funding.
C
peasants should raise up against the wealthy to gain equal status within society.
D
citizens give up some liberties to government in exchange for protection of their self-interests.
8

Who wrote The Leviathan, a 1651 publication about creating moral obligations to live in a civil society?

A
Thomas Hobbes
B
John Locke
C
Baron de Montesquieu
D
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
9

In France, philosophes discussed Enlightenment ideas in

A
barbershops.
B
restaurants.
C
salons.
D
taverns.
10

One of Baron de Montesquieu’s key ideas was

A
separating church and state.
B
creating checks and balances.
C
establishing natural rights.
D
establishing equality within society.
11

Which list states events of the Enlightenment in the correct order?

A
i. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes.ii. The English Civil War comes to an end.iii. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.iv. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws.
B
i. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws.ii. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.iii. The English Civil War comes to an end.iv. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes.
C
i. The English Civil War comes to an end.ii. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes.iii. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws.iv. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.
D
i. Locke builds on the ideas of Hobbes.ii. Montesquieu publishes Spirit of Laws.iii. Rousseau publishes The Social Contract.iv. The English Civil War comes to an end.
12

The movement known as the Enlightenment occurred during

A
the 1500s and 1600s.
B
the 1600s and 1700s.
C
the 1700s and1800s.
D
the 1800s and 1900s.
13

What traditional idea did Enlightenment thinkers challenge to improve the lives and freedoms of ordinary people?

A
government.
B
medicine.
C
religion.
D
science.
14

Which three topics became a major focus of the Enlightenment?

A
astronomy, mathematics, physics
B
classicism, humanism, individualism
C
rights and responsibilities, politics, reason
D
spirituality, religion, chivalry
15

How did the English Civil War affect the Enlightenment?

A
The English Civil War led to the concept of a “divine right” to rule, which was developed in greater detail by Enlightenment thinkers.
B
The English Civil War caused many people to question the role of government, which sparked the imagination of Enlightenment thinkers.
C
The English Civil War established the authority of monarchs, who were supported by Enlightenment thinkers.
D
The English Civil War promoted the idea of absolutism, which was embraced by Enlightenment thinkers.
16

Many Enlightenment ideas were incorporated into

A
the laws of monarchs who believed in absolute rule.
B
the founding documents for the United States.
C
the peace treaty at the end of the English Civil War.
D
the practices and polices of the Catholic Church.
17

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?

A
People are naturally reasonable.
B
People are naturally selfish and violent.
C
Governments create unequal societies.
D
Government should be separate from religion.
18

A difference between the ideas of Hobbes and Locke was that

A
Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Locke believed safety was more important than freedom.
B
Hobbes believed government should not take away certain natural rights, while Locke believed people have the right to rebel.
C
Hobbes believed people have the right to rebel, while Locke believed life without government was difficult.
D
Hobbes believed life without government was difficult, while Locke believed people have the right to rebel.
19

Which statement best characterizes the ideas of John Locke?

A
People are naturally reasonable.
B
People are naturally selfish and violent.
C
Governments create unequal societies.
D
Government should be separate from religion.

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