Poison dart frogs live in the rainforest. They produce a poison by eating toxic fire ants. The only known predator is a snake, Liophis epinephelus. Which is most likely a density-independent factor that affects the poison dart population in the rainforest?

A density-independent factor affects a population regardless of how large or crowded it is. Clear cutting the rainforest is a habitat disturbance that can affect poison dart frogs whether their population is large or small. Limited food, disease, and predation by Liophis epinephelus are generally density-dependent factors because their effects can increase as population interactions become more common.

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