AnswersCrowley Credit Recovery Physics ASecond Law of Thermodynamics

Lesson 6: Second Law of Thermodynamics Answers

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1
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Which statement describes the relationship between energy and entropy in the universe?

A
Energy must be destroyed for entropy to be constant.
B
Energy must be decreased for entropy to be constant.
C
Energy must be added to decrease entropy.
D
Energy must be created to increase entropy.
2
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What is the formula for calculating the efficiency of a heat engine?

A
Efficiency = StartFraction T Subscript h Baseline minus T Subscript C Baseline over T Subscript h Baseline EndFraction times 100.
Option A
B
Efficiency equals T Subscript c Baseline minus T Subscript h Baseline over T Subscript h Baseline all times 100.
Option B
C
Efficiency equals T Subscript h Baseline minus T Subscript c Baseline over T Subscript c Baseline all times 100.
Option C
D
Efficiency equals T Subscript c Baseline minus T Subscript h Baseline over T Subscript c Baseline all times 100.
Option D
3

The diagram is being used to illustrate the second law of thermodynamics, where Qh represents a hot object and Qc represents a cold object.

Question illustration
A
adding in the boxes an arrow that points from Qh to Qc
B
adding in the boxes an arrow that points from Qc to Qh
C
adding in the boxes an arrow that points in both directions between Qh and Qc
D
adding in each box an arrow that points upward from Qh and from Qc
4

The pictures show a grassy field that has been abandoned.

Question illustration
A
Energy is conserved as the lawn changes.
B
The lawn is a system that uses energy.
C
Work was done to change the lawn over time.
D
Over time, the lawn has naturally become disorderly.
5

Question text not available

Answer not available
6

Ethan made a diagram to compare examples of the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

Question illustration
A
X: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool areaY: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environment
B
X: As thermal energy is added to a container, some of the energy is lost to the environmentY: The internal energy of a piston system increases as heat is added and rises to a cool area
C
X: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer Y: Thermal energy is converted to light energy
D
X: Thermal energy is converted to light energy Y: A cold spoon placed in hot liquid gets warmer
7

A heat engine uses thermal energy flowing from a heat source that is 225 K to a cold sink that is 50 K.

A
22%
B
45%
C
78%
D
123%
8

Which best describes a spontaneous process as it relates to the second law of thermodynamics?

A
It destroys heat.
B
It requires work.
C
It creates energy.
D
It occurs naturally.
9

The diagram is a real-world example of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. It shows how thermal energy is used to generate electricity.Which best describes how the diagram illustrates both laws of thermodynamics?

Question illustration
A
First law: High-temperature steam flows to an area of lower temperature in the turbines.Second law: Thermal energy is used to do work on the turbines.
B
First law: Thermal energy is used to do work on the turbines.Second law: High-temperature steam flows to an area of lower temperatures in the turbines.
C
First law: Some thermal energy is lost to the surrounding environment as it travels through the system.Second law: Kinetic energy is used to turn an electrical generator.
D
First law: Kinetic energy is used to turn an electrical generator. Second law: Some thermal energy is lost to the surrounding environment as it travels through the system.
10

The diagram shows a heat engine.

Question illustration
A
W
B
X
C
Y
D
Z

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