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QuizMultiple Choice

Matter — Quiz

Question 1 • Earth and Space Science

Sodium chloride and fluorite both have cubic atomic arrangements. Which statement best explains why they have different relative hardness values?

Answer
A
Sodium chloride is softer because its ionic bonds are weaker than those in fluorite.
B
Sodium chloride is harder because it has more protons than fluorite.
C
Fluorite is harder because its ions are larger than those in sodium chloride.
D
Both minerals are cubic, so their hardness values are practically the same.

Explanation

Sodium chloride is softer because the attractions between its Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions are weaker than the attractions between Ca²⁺ and F⁻ ions in fluorite. The ions in fluorite have greater charges, which generally makes their ionic bonding stronger and the mineral harder. A cubic arrangement alone does not determine hardness.

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