AnswersFL-2000315-Biology 1 CRUnit Test

Medicine and the Immune System Answers

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1
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Which of these are tested for compatibility before a transplant to ensure a high probability of success?

A
parasites
B
antigens
C
antibodies
D
pathogens
2
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Edward Jenner’s smallpox inoculation experiment was based on his observation that some dairymaids who worked with cows had suffered lesions on their hands, but that these dairymaids were immune to the more severe smallpox. Which best explains why the dairymaids were immune to smallpox?

A
They did not interact with many people so they were not exposed to the pathogen.
B
They frequently washed their hands so they were able to wash away the pathogen.
C
They were exposed to cowpox, and the substance their body produced to fight cowpox also attacked smallpox.
D
They breathed the air around the cows that carried an antipathogen in it that destroyed the pathogen.
3

Why do vaccines build up immunity?

A
The body reduces inflammation when it is exposed to the weakened or dead form of a pathogen.
B
The body increases blood flow when it is exposed to the weakened or dead form of a pathogen.
C
The body raises its temperature when it is exposed to the weakened or dead form of a pathogen.
D
The body produces antibodies when it is exposed to the weakened or dead form of a pathogen.
4

How do pain relievers work?

A
increase production of white blood cells
B
increase body temperature
C
block messages within the nervous system
D
block hormone production
5

Which of these would be the most effective at destroying Giardia, a protozoan that infects the intestinal tract?

A
anti-inflammatory
B
antiparasitic
C
pain reliever
D
antihistamine
6

Which is the difference between an antibiotic and an antiviral?

A
Antibiotics build up immunity, and antivirals increase white blood cells.
B
Antibiotics treat the symptoms, and antivirals destroy the causing organism.
C
Antibiotics are in liquid form, and antivirals are in mist form.
D
Antibiotics kill pathogens, and antivirals reduce symptoms of illnesses caused by viruses.
7

Which do the green tanks in the picture below represent?

Question illustration
A
vaccine
B
pathogen
C
antibodies
D
antigens
8

Acetaminophen is a medication most commonly given for what purpose?

A
as an antibiotic
B
as an antihistamine
C
as a pain reliever
D
as an antiviral
9

Patient 1 and patient 2 both had a transplant. Which most likely explains why patient 1 had a successful transplant and patient 2 did not?

A
Patient 1 underwent tissue typing, but patient 2 was tested for antigen compatibility.
B
Patient 1 underwent long-term immunosuppressive therapy, but patient 2 was given immunosuppressants during the surgery.
C
Patient 1 began an exercise routine after surgery and maintained it for the rest of his life, but patient 2 led a more sedentary lifestyle.
D
Patient 1 followed a healthy diet low in salt and fat, but patient 2 did not monitor his diet.
10

Why does the body attack a transplanted organ?

A
The organ has pathogens that the body wants to destroy.
B
The organ is not recognized by the body as being made of self cells.
C
The organ's pH level is not compatible with the recipient's pH level.
D
The organ does not have enough nutrients to support the body.
11

Cedric has a low fever and minor aches. Yesterday, he went to the doctor for his booster shot and received the flu shot. Which best explains why he has this reaction?

A
Cedric was given an antibiotic.
B
Cedric was too old for the vaccine.
C
The weakened virus stimulated the immune response and resulted in the minor reaction.
D
The vaccine contained antibodies that caused Cedric to make more antibodies.
12

Pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, antivirals, and antihistamines all manage

A
viruses
B
bacteria
C
symptoms
D
immunity
13

Jamal was cutting the grass and started to sneeze because of the pollen. Which type of medication should he take?

A
antihistamine
B
antibiotic
C
antifungal
D
antiviral
14

Edward Jenner’s smallpox inoculation experiment was based on his observation that some dairymaids who worked with cows had suffered lesions on their hands, but that these dairymaids were immune to the more severe smallpox. He inoculated James Phipps with material from the lesions on a dairymaids’ hands. Which best explains why Jenner decided to infect Phipps?

A
The material contained antibodies that could destroy the smallpox pathogen.
B
The material contained pathogens that were similar to but weaker than the smallpox pathogen.
C
The material had oxygen that could help the cells of the body fight off smallpox infection.
D
The material contained a pathogen that could attack the smallpox pathogen.
15

How do pain relievers work?

A
increase production of white blood cells
B
increase body temperature
C
block messages within the nervous system
D
block hormone production
16

Which of these would be the most effective at destroying Giardia, a protozoan that infects the intestinal tract?

A
anti-inflammatory
B
antiparasitic
C
pain reliever
D
antihistamine
17

Edward Jenner’s smallpox inoculation experiment was based on his observation that some dairymaids who worked with cows had suffered lesions on their hands, but that these dairymaids were immune to the more severe smallpox. Which best explains why the dairymaids were immune to smallpox?

A
They did not interact with many people so they were not exposed to the pathogen.
B
They frequently washed their hands so they were able to wash away the pathogen.
C
They were exposed to cowpox, and the substance their body produced to fight cowpox also attacked smallpox.
D
They breathed the air around the cows that carried an antipathogen in it that destroyed the pathogen.

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