New Mexico's Legislative Process Answers

A bill is drafted and introduced in one chamber, then referred to committees for review, hearings, and possible amendments. If it advances, the full chamber debates and votes on it. A bill that passes is sent to the other chamber, where it goes through a similar process. Both chambers must approve the same version before it is sent to the governor, who may sign it into law or veto it. The Legislature can override a veto.

Legislative committees review bills in detail, hold hearings, listen to testimony, discuss and amend proposals, and recommend whether bills should advance to the full chamber for consideration.

The bill is enrolled, signed by the presiding officers of both houses, and sent to the governor. The governor may sign it into law or veto it; the Legislature may override a veto. If the governor does not act within the required time, the bill may become law without a signature.

A simple resolution applies to one chamber, often addressing its rules or internal matters. A concurrent resolution is approved by both the House and Senate and expresses a joint position or action, but does not become law. A joint resolution is also considered by both chambers and is commonly used to propose a constitutional amendment for voters to decide; it is not signed by the governor like an ordinary bill.

Lobbyists attend to represent organizations or interest groups and to explain their views on proposed legislation. Legislative staff help lawmakers with research and administrative work, while members of the public may observe and reporters cover the proceedings for the community.

Regular legislative sessions begin on the third Tuesday in January each year. They last 60 days in odd-numbered years and 30 days in even-numbered years. Special sessions may also be called when necessary.