A high school student has just been diagnosed with sickle-cell anemia. He is in a lot of pain, and is often too weak and tired to even get out of bed. Which of the following treatments might be options for him? Check all that apply.

Pain medication can help manage the severe pain caused by sickle-cell crises. A bone marrow transplant may also be an option because it can potentially replace the blood-forming cells that produce sickle-shaped red blood cells, though it is a major treatment with risks. Surgery and physical therapy do not treat the underlying sickle-cell anemia.

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