Personality Development Answers

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Instinct is

an unchanging, biologically inherited behavior pattern.

most often applied to animal behavior.

both a and b

neither a nor b

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Principal factors that social scientist see influencing personality and behavior are:

heredity, birth order, parents, and the cultural environment

parents, cultural environment, nationality

birth order, parents, nationality

none of the above

Aptitudes can be discouraged with

a system of rewards and punishments.

negative reinforcement.

praise for the ability.

recognition by peers.

Personality may be influenced by:

birth order

characteristics of the parents

both a and b

neither a nor b

Personality traits determine

each individual’s own way of interacting with other people and his/her social environment.

how we adjust to our environment and how we react in specific situations.

both a and b

neither a nor b

Culture affects personality traits through:

competitiveness

individualism

assertiveness

all of the above

How can the development of aptitudes be encouraged?

positive reinforcement

tangible rewards

negative reinforcement

isolation from negative influences

In the Nature v. Nurture debate, scientists who argue that personality is established by our genetics believe the transmission of these traits are a result of _____.

instincts

heredity

aptitudes

the environment

Cultural environments determine the basic types of personalities that will be found in a society.

Feral children point strongly to the conclusion that our personality comes from our

heredity.

cultural environment.

both a and b

neither a nor b

Sociologists found that the effects of institutionalization on infants, i.e. lack of a caring environment, will result in slower development of their mental, physical, and emotional skills.

According to the information presented in the lecture, what can be said about personality?

It is the behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values of a person.

It can develop throughout a person’s life.

It affects how a person reacts and adjusts in his or her environment.

all of the above

Heredity characteristics include body build, hair type, eye color, and skin pigmentation.

An aptitude is

the capacity to learn a particular skill or acquire a particular body of knowledge.

a natural talent for music or art.

learned as well as inherited.

all of the above

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