Name the three types of population distribution, describe each, and explain the conditions that govern each.
The three types of population distribution are uniform, random, and clumped. Uniform distribution is rare; individuals are evenly spaced because of fierce competition for resources. In random distribution, individuals are unpredictably spaced, with some close together and others farther apart, when sufficient resources are available. In clumped distribution, individuals cluster around patchy resources, making it the most common type.
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Explain how birth rate, immigration, death rate, and emigration affect population growth.
Births and immigration increase population size, while deaths and emigration decrease it. Population growth = (birth rate + immigration) - (death rate + emigration).
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Differentiate between density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors and give at least two examples from the lesson of each.
Density-dependent limiting factors depend on population size or density and include disease, parasites, competition for food, water, and shelter, and predation. Density-independent limiting factors affect populations regardless of population size and include natural disasters, climate, and human activity.
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