Elephants shape their environment in many ways. They can change a forest to a grassy field or dig a hole that might become a pond. They clear large amounts of vegetation, which removes habitats for some organisms but makes the area inviting for other organisms. Which best describes possible interactions of elephants with the surrounding ecosystem?

Elephants can benefit some organisms by creating open grasslands or water sources, such as ponds. At the same time, clearing vegetation can remove habitats and harm other organisms. Because their effects on the ecosystem can be both helpful and harmful, the best answer is both positive and negative.

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