Executive agencies are run by department heads. A new administration takes over and has a radically different agenda from the previous administration. The new president wants to align executive agencies to the administration's goals.

The president can shape executive agencies by nominating department heads who support the administration’s goals. Department heads are generally appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate, so the president cannot simply hire them without that process. Executive orders and executive privilege do not ensure their loyalty or replace the appointment process.

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